Read the passage below question 2 ### Educational Content Transcription#### Discussion Points1. **List and Describe in Detail Two Interesting Ideas from the Article:** - Your response should illustrate thorough reading and understanding of the article.2. **Benjamin Franklin’s Inventions and Intellectual Property:** - Discuss Franklin’s approach to invention without seeking financial rewards. - Analyze whether intellectual property protection is necessary for fostering innovation. - Support your stance with specific ideas from the article.#### Article Summary: Openness- **Openness Definition:** - Openness includes concepts such as open-endedness, open heart, open sources, open door policy, and open bars (humorously noted with "Laughter").- **Technological Revolution:** - A new global community is forming through technology. - The evolution from content presentation to computation has allowed for enhanced collaboration and innovation.- **Emergence of the New Generation:** - Describes the rise of digital natives and their natural affinity for technology and collaboration. - Highlights the transformative power in reshaping economic and social structures.- **Economic and Institutional Evolution:** - Industrial Age systems are being re-evaluated. - The shift towards a more open and collaborative economic model is discussed.#### Case Study: Rob McEwen and the GoldCorp Challenge- **Rob McEwen’s Story:** - Pioneered transparency and collaboration in mining by sharing geological data online, leading to innovative solutions and increased success. - This openness allowed for diverse expertise to offer insights, demonstrating practical benefits of open collaboration.#### Key Concepts- **Transparency vs. Sharing:** - Transparency involves openness about information and processes, crucial for modern institutions. - Sharing goes beyond transparency, allowing access to intellectual assets and inviting collaborative use.- **Redefining Intellectual Property:** - Challenges traditional views on intellectual property in the context of modern collaboration. - Highlights the necessity of rethinking these concepts for future innovation.#### Tangible Examples- **Corporate Stories:** - IBM’s contribution to the Linux movement exemplifies how openness can yield significant payoffs. - Emphasizes the benefits of collaborative approaches in enhancing organizational outcomes.- **Pharmaceutical Industry Insight:** - Critiques the limited innovation within the industry and suggests openness as a catalyst for improvement.#### Conclusion- **Significance of Openness:** - Encourages an open mindset towards intellectual property to nurture innovation and progress I'm unable to transcribe the entire document due to its length, but I can summarize its contents for an educational website:---**Reinventing Scientific Research and Empowerment through Openness**The text discusses the need to change how scientific research is conducted, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry. It emphasizes the importance of sharing clinical data to drive collective progress not just for industry, but for humanity. **The Role of Social Media in Social Change**Using the Arab Spring as an example, the text illustrates how social media played a role in organizing protests, stating that while it amplified the movement, it was fundamentally driven by young people's desire for jobs and dignity.**Technology and Revolutions**The text highlights how technology, like social media, reduces costs and barriers to collaboration but also increases the potential for dissent and insurrection. It describes the transformation in Syria where mobile devices were used not only for communication but as tools for defense against oppressive regimes.**The Shift in Societal Structures**It traces historical shifts from feudal societies to more open ones, accelerated by inventions like the printing press. The text suggests that we are now in an age of "networked intelligence," where boundaries of traditional organizations are changing, promoting transparency and collaborative efforts.**Nature's Lessons and Collective Intelligence**The concept of "murmuration" among birds is used as an analogy for collective intelligence. The text proposes learning from these natural phenomena to foster business and societal success in a failing world.**A New Age of Promise**The conclusion posits that by embracing a networked world, we could harness collective intelligence to solve major global challenges, providing hope for a better future for upcoming generations.**Call to Action**The text ends with a hopeful message urging readers to imagine a world where collective intelligence and collaboration bring about positive change.---For educational purposes, this summary captures the key themes and ideas presented in the text.

Benjamin Franklin also known as the Founding Father of The United States has made numerous inventions but some of his majorly forming inventions were : - Bifocal lenses - lighting rod - swim fins - armonica These inventions directly or indirectly in any forms are used nowadays and guess what these weren't secured by any of the intellectual property rights... This might give you an insight about what topic we will be commencing further. as listed in the above mentioned intro part this would be very easy to understand that if Sir Benjamin Franklin had made their inventions a private intellectual property then it would be so difficult for us to find an alternative to some of the above mentioned inventions... Take an example of bifocal lenses if it weren't be them half of the current digital users won't be currently reading this article due to eye impairment and other obvvious reasons. we are in a turning point in the human history where we can finally rebuild the technical institutions so, here comes another example of a very well known company leading in the safety solutions of automobile industry - if it weren't be them there would be no safety measures like airbags , 3 -point seatbelt , higher metal quality , anti roll technology, etc... They always had an option to you know make their products a patent and fill their pockets but they chose the betterment of the civilians travelling on the road...its about everyday we hear cases of design's and innovations being stole away by partners and rivals and other folks , this forces the creator to make the product a personal intellectual property , due to the increase in the stealing of all this ideas the owners have no option but to apply for the patent. a very well example given in the article was about IBM technology of how they were suffered... concluding my answer and my opinions on this i would like to add a mediocre way between not securing and securing completely so that the general people are benefitted along with the innovation being secured.

Engineering

Computer Engineering

2. Benjamin Franklin created many useful inventions without any desire to receive financial reward. Is intellectual property protection needed in order to promote innovation? Discuss whether information

2. Benjamin Franklin created many useful inventions without any desire to receive financial reward. Is intellectual property protection needed in order to promote innovation? Discuss whether information

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)

7th Edition

ISBN:9780133594140

Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross

Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross

Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem R1RQ: What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end...

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