2. A pre-engineering baseline was run down a very steep hill as shown in Figure 1. The vertical angle was 21" 26, turned to a prism on a plumbed range pole 4.88 ft above the ground, as shown. The EDM device measured the slope distance from the total station to the prismas 148.61'. The total station's optical center was 4.66' above the upper baseline station at 110 + 71.25. a. If the elevation of the upper station is 267.74', what is the elevation of the lower station? b. What is the station of the lower station? 4.66 www. 110+71.25 Elevation 267.74' -21°26' 148.61' 4.88' Page 1 of 4

2. A pre-engineering baseline was run down a very steep hill as shown in Figure 1. The vertical angle was 21" 26, turned to a prism on a plumbed range pole 4.88 ft above the ground, as shown. The EDM device measured the slope distance from the total station to the prismas 148.61'. The total station's optical center was 4.66' above the upper baseline station at 110 + 71.25. a. If the elevation of the upper station is 267.74', what is the elevation of the lower station? b. What is the station of the lower station? 4.66 www. 110+71.25 Elevation 267.74' -21°26' 148.61' 4.88' Page 1 of 4

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Errors in surveying

An error in surveying is defined as the difference between two or more values of an identical quantity. However, the estimates are never accurate and there will always be a degree of variability regardless of the research tool or method used. These differences are known as errors that need to be reduced or eliminated to maintain certain levels of accuracy. Even if you carefully follow the prescribed test procedures, the considerations may contain errors.

Question

### Pre-Engineering Surveying Baseline Analysis

**Problem Statement:**

A pre-engineering baseline was set up down a very steep hill. The vertical angle was 21° 26', turned to a prism on a plumbed range pole 4.88 feet above the ground. An EDM device measured the slope distance from the total station to the prism as 148.61 feet. The total station's optical center was 4.66 feet above the upper baseline station at 110 + 71.25.

**Questions:**

a. If the elevation of the upper station is 267.74 feet, what is the elevation of the lower station?
b. What is the station of the lower station?

**Diagram Explanation:**

The diagram illustrates a side view of the measurement setup on a hill. Key measurements:

- The total station's height above the baseline is 4.66 feet.
- The prism's height above the ground is 4.88 feet.
- The slope distance between the total station and the prism is 148.61 feet.
- The vertical angle observed is 21° 26'.

These measurements assist in calculating the elevation change and stationing of the lower station on the hill.

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