2 Rotating arm Distributes liquid waste Filter media Biofilm-coated plastic pieces or coarse gravel and rocks Liquid waste trickles through 5 Outlet pipe Liquid waste from the filter goes to a sedimentation tank before 1 Inlet pipe Liquid waste from primary treatment enters advanced treatment or disinfection FIGURE 29.2 Trickling Filter Wastewater is channeled into the rotating arm, and then trickles through holes in the bottom of the arm onto plastic or a gravel and rock bed.

Q: What are examples of a bacterium that produces a biofilm ?

A: A biofilm is a complex structure formed by many different bacterial colonies.

Q: What microbe is used in bioremediation and why

A: Introduction: Bioremediation Is A Method Of Treating Contaminated Media, Such As Water, Soil, And…

Q: What are the two pathways for transfer of electrons from bacteria into the anode surface in the…

A: A soluble artificial mediator is a chemical compound that is used to facilitate the transfer of…

Q: List two metals that are oxidized by sheathed bacteria.

A: The procedure in which atom or compound loses an electron termed oxidation. Metals get easily…

Q: What effect does decreasing the incubation temperature have on bacterial growth rate? Why?

A: Bacterial growth is proliferation of bacterium into two daughter cells, in a process called binary…

Q: What terms are used to describe organisms whose growthpH optimum is very high? Very low?

A: In the living world, we see a large number of microorganisms, animals and plants. These organisms…

Q: Why del factor is important in media sterilization?

A: Sterilization, which was called by various means such as Del factor, Nabla factor and the…

Q: why is it that psychrotrophs placed in TSA medium are incubated at 7oC?

A: Psychrophiles are organisms that can survive and reproduce in low temperatures as low as -20 degrees…

Q: Define biofilm and quorum sensing. Explain how quorum sensing is used to direct the activities of a…

A: Biofilms are complex bacterial communities that are adherent to a surface, an interface or to each…

Q: Explain why surfactant chemicals are more effective against gramnegativebacteria than against…

A: Microorganisms are small organism that cannot be seen by naked eyes. They include bacteria, fungi,…

Q: Are coliform bacteria dangerous in the water?

A: Coliforms are bacteria that are always present in the digestive tracts of animals, including humans,…

Q: How to produce high yield of biomass of facultative anaerobic bacterium in laboratories?

A: Facultative anaerobic organism It refers to the organism that generates ATP through the process of…

Q: How do mechanisms for bulk flow enableorganisms to achieve large size?

A: Bulk movement refers to the process of movement of proteins through specific sorting signals. Large…

Q: What is a biofilm? What is the advantage for microbes to form a biofilm

A: A community of microorganisms which are attached to a surface irreversibly is called a biofilm. They…

Q: What is demanufacturing, and why is it used for some types of waste?

A: Demanufacturing was suggested as a way to reduce the environmental footprint while maintaining the…

Q: Describe and explain the major steps in the process ofwastewater treatment. How can artificially…

A: Introduction  :- Wastewater treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater and…

Q: Why must the poured Mueller-Hinton Agar not be too shallow?

A: Mueller-Hinton agar is a popular microbiological growth medium for the purpose of determining an…

Q: What is a Conditioned cell-free medium(CCFM)?

A: Culture medium is a liquid or gel designed to support the growth of microorganisms.  There are…

Q: What are the disadvantages of the membrane filter method?

A: Filtration is the process of removing unwanted particles from a fluid. This includes the removal of…

Q: Do you think that a Gram negative or Gram positive bacteria would be more negatively affected by a…

A: Introduction: The intricate multilayered structure of a bacterial cell envelope serves to shield…

Q: Are there any types of Bacteria or Archaea that areable to oxidize ammonia to nitrate?

A: Archaea and bacteria are referred to as prokaryotic unicellular organisms. Initially, archaea were…

Q: the chemostat.

A: Chemostats in research are used for investigations in cell biology, which is a source for large…

Q: Which bacterium reduces nitrates in soil to nitrogen?

A: Nitrogen is needed by the organism for producing amino acids. Atmospheric nitrogen cannot be used as…

Q: What effect does solute concentration have on microbes? How can cells adapt when going from a low…

A: Microbes also known as microorganisms are tiny living organisms that are too small to be seen with…

Q: Why do we need SOP in dispensing process?or why we use SOP in dispensing process?

A: Standard operating procedure(SOP) is defined as a document where it contain step-by-step…

Q: What is the equation that represents the mass balance of the exponential phase of bacterial growth?…

A: In exponential growth, a population's per capita (per individual) growth rate stays the same…

Q: Explain the difference between assimilatory nitrate reduction and dissimilatory nitrate reduction.

A: Introduction  Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that belong to the kingdom Monera. They are…

Q: what are the processes involved in the acclimatization of bacteria to break down phenol?

A: Acclimation is the process by which a microbial population adapts to degrade a compound to which it…

Q: How are quorum sensing and biofilms beneficial to the bacterial commmunity and how do they impact…

A: Quorum sensing (QS) is a process of cell-cell communication that allows certain cells to detect and…

Q: What is the role of nitrate in microbial metabloism?

A: Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, microorganisms capable of transforming atmospheric nitrogen into fixed…

Q: why are psychrotrophic bacteria incubated at 7 degrees

A: Each species of microbe has a preferred temperature that lies somewhere between its characteristic…

Q: What is selective and differential media? describe their purpose.

A: Numerous media types are employed in the study of microorganisms. The following definitions apply to…

Q: When would tertiary treatment of wastewater be necessary ?

A: Water is the important natural resources.Water treatment is done in order to reuse the water again…

Q: Name two biological processes that operate in a fixed film-growth mode?

A: This model considers secondary clarifier at a rural sewage treatment plant which is a typical phase…

Q: What is the importance of anammox in the treatment of wastewaters?

A: The bacterial phylum called Planctomycetes consists of organisms that carry out anaerobic ammonium…

Q: What is the effect of pH on microbe's growth? Define halophiles, osmotolerant and barophiles.

A: Microbes are tiny living things that are viewed surrounding us and are as too little to be seen by…

Q: What are the roles inhibitory substances and pH indicator in the selective and diffential media?…

A: Selective media - it is used for the growth of only selected microorganisms. Such as, microorganism…

Terrestrial Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a collection of interconnected communities. It includes both living and non-living elements of specific strata. The terrestrial ecosystem is solely related to the ecosystem present on the land and covers 25 to 30% of the total earth’s surface area.