19. Which statement best describes at the molecular level why AB is the universalacceptor?a. It is the least common blood type.b. It contains both the type A and type B monosaccharides in addition to thecore trisaccharide.only contains the core trisaccharide and does not have any additionalsugars on it.d. Red blood cells of this type do not have any oligosaccharide markers.e. Type AB has a completely different oligosaccharide marker than A, B,c.and O.

Carbohydrates play a major role in cell-cell recognition. Their structural variation allows specific…

Answered: 19. Which statement best describes at…

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter16: Human Genetics And The Human Genome

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6TYU

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48. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder where the tear duct glands are no longer producing tears so the patient experiences dry eye. One of the treatments for Sjogren's syndrome is cyclosporine, an immunosuppressive information, cyclosporine agent. Based on this a. activates histamine production b. directly deactivates neutrophils c. activates leukocidin activity d. indirectly deactivates Tc cells e. activate macrophage activity ||
Match the following with its function: v plasma protein that creates osmotic pressure that prevents fluids from leaking out of blood vessels (prevents edema) albumin A. fibrinogen В. plasma protein that helps cause blood clotting c. platelets Formed element that causes blood clotting. white blood cells D. Formed element important in the immune system. red blood cells Е. formed element that carries oxygen hemoglobin F. protein that binds to oxygen > >
44. Your patient's, John Doe, lab results showed a macrophage cell count of 1000/mm3. So therefore, a. He may have high blood levels of IgM well after 10 days of the infection. b. His neutrophils arrived at the site of infection after these macrophages. c. His macrophages cannot change shape. d. He may have low blood levels of IgG well after 10 days of the infection. e. His macrophages have the ability to indirectly synthesize antibodies.
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(1) In antibody structure, where are can we find unique variable domains? A. at the tip of each polypeptide chain B. on the stem region of the antibody C. at the bottom of each polypeptide chain D. only on immunoglobulin E (2) The stem region of the antibody determines the: A. general immunological mechanism of action B. specific inflammatory response C. specific immunological mechnism of action D. shape of the variable domains (3) Antibodies are proteins that consists of ------ polypeptides in a ------ shaped structure. A. three, X B. four, Y C. five, clover D. two, Y
5. A diagram of an antibody IgG molecule is given below. Indicate the locations of the following items on the diagram by putting the letter next to those parts of the molecule. If a part occurs more than once, mark all copies of the part. If you want you can draw the structure, mark it, take a picture, and insert the photo. (a) (b) (d) (e) the heavy chains the light chains the antigen binding site(s) the hinge region the Fc region
18. Your patient, Sally Sue who has AB- blood, receives blood from her older sister (Ruby, who's AB+). Afterwards, she has a cytotoxic reaction. Which of the following was the initial cause of the reaction? a. Sally Sue's blood type was actually AB+ b. Sally Sue had previously received AB+ blood c. Ruby's blood type was actually AB- d. Sally Sue had previously received A- blood e. Sally Sue had previously received B- blood 19. The indirect reason for the appearance of skin lesions due to a Type IV hypersensitivity is a. Tc cells b. IgE c. Mast cells d. perforin e. IgG || 5/12
6. The function of allelic exclusion is an increase in the ................of antibodies?. A.sensitivity B. diversity C. specificity D. affinity E. magnitude 7. The specificity of antibody secreted by a B-cell may not be the same as that of the surface Ig of the clonal parent because of: A Class switching B Somatic hypermutation D Alternative splicing E DNA recombination C Allelic exclusion
20. What does the presence of band neutrophils in peripheral blood indicate? A. Agranulocytes containing phagolysosomes have been activated. B. The demand for neutrophils exceeds the mature neutrophils that the bone marrow can supply. C. White blood cell count is relatively low. D. Macrophages have destroyed too many mature neutrophils
1. Blood Typing Red blood cells are coated in antigens made of glycolipids and glycoproteins. The composition of these molecules is determined by genetics, which have evolved over time. The two most well-known blood groups are the ABO and Rh systems. The surface antigens in the ABO blood group are glycolipids, calied antigen A and antigen B. People with blood type A have antigen A, those with blood type B have antigen B, those with blood type AB have both antigens, and people with blood type O have neither antigen. Antibodies called agglutinogens are found in the blood plasma and react with the A or B antigens, if the two are mixed. When type A and type B blood are combined, agglutination (clumping) of the blood occurs because of antibodies in the plasma that bind with the opposing antigen; this causes clots that coagulate in the kidney causing kidney failure. Type O blood has neither A or B antigens, and therefore, type O blood can be given to all blood types. Type O negative blood is…
III. LAB REPORT You inherited your blood type from your parents. Your blood type is based on antigens found on your red blood cells named A or B and antibodies found in your plasma called a or b. See Table 1 for the antigen-antibody make-up of different blood types. Table 1 Blood type Antigens Antibodies A A b B B a AB A and B neither a nor b O neither A nor B both a and b A. When would clumping (or agglutination occur?
3. Draw an IgG antibody. Label the following: a. The heavy and light chains b. The constant and variable domains c. The Fab and Fc domains d. The antigen binding site, e. The hinge region f. The amino and carboxyl termini g. Indicate approximately the location of critical glycosylation sites h. Indicate approximately where the CDR (hypervariable domains) are located

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