19. Given that f is a differentiable function with f(2, 5) = 6, fr(2,5) = 1, and fy (2, 5) = -1, use a linear approximation to estimate f(2.2, 4.9).
19. Given that f is a differentiable function with f(2, 5) = 6, fr(2,5) = 1, and fy (2, 5) = -1, use a linear approximation to estimate f(2.2, 4.9).
Calculus: Early Transcendentals
8th Edition
ISBN:9781285741550
Author:James Stewart
Publisher:James Stewart
Chapter1: Functions And Models
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RCC: (a) What is a function? What are its domain and range? (b) What is the graph of a function? (c) How...
Related questions
Question
19,25,31
![19. Given that f is a differentiable function with f(2,5) = 6,
fr(2, 5) = 1, and fy (2, 5) = -1, use a linear approximation
to estimate
f(2.2, 4.9).
20. Find the linear approximation of the function
Actual temperature (°C)
f(x, y) = 1
- xy cos y at (1, 1) and use it to approximate
f(1.02, 0.97). Illustrate by graphing f and the tangent plane.
21. Find the linear approximation of the function
f(x, y, z) = √√x² + y² + z² at (3, 2, 6) and use it to
approximate the number √(3.02)2 + (1.97)2 + (5.99) ².
22. The wave heights h in the open sea depend on the speed v
of the wind and the length of time t that the wind has been
blowing at that speed. Values of the function h = f(v, t) are
recorded in feet in the following table. Use the table to find
a linear approximation to the wave height function when v
is near 40 knots and t is near 20 hours. Then estimate the
wave heights when the wind has been blowing for 24 hours
at 43 knots.
Wind speed (knots)
40
20
30
-15
-20
t
50 19
T
- 10
-25
5
60 24
V
14
5
9
20
- 18
- 24
<-30
-37
10
13
21
788
29
37
30
Duration (hours)
- 20
15
- 26
-33
16
- 39
25
36
47
Wind speed (km/h)
40
20
- 21
-27
32017
- 34
28
23. Use the table in Example 3 to find a linear approximation to
the heat index function when the temperature is near 94°F
and the relative humidity is near 80%. Then estimate the heat
index when the temperature is 95°F and the relative humidity
is 78%.
01 SUBUIS
-41
40
24. The wind-chill index W is the perceived temperature when
the actual temperature is T and the wind speed is v, so we can
write W = f(T, v). The following table of values is an excerpt
from Table 1 in Section 14.1. Use the table to find a linear
approximation to the wind-chill index function when Tis
near -15°C and v is near 50 km/h. Then estimate the wind-
chill index when the temperature is -17°C and the wind
speed is 55 km/h.
54
50
- 22
- 29
30
- 35
9
- 42
18
31
45
62
60
- 23
-30
40
-36
9
- 43
19
33
48
67
70
- 23
- 30
50
-37
9
- 44
19
33
50
69
SECTION 14.4 Tangent Planes and Linear Approximations
25-30 Find the differential of the function.
25. ze 2x cos 2πt
27. m = p³q³
29. R = aß² cos y
-
26. u = √√x² + 3y²
V
28. T
31. If z = 5x² + y² and (x, y) changes from (1, 2) to (1.05, 2.1),
compare the values of Az and dz.
32. If z = x²
xy + 3y² and (x, y) changes from (3, -1) to
(2.96,-0.95), compare the values of Az and dz.
33. The length and width of a rectangle are measured as 30 cm
and 24 cm, respectively, with an error in measurement of at
most 0.1 cm in each. Use differentials to estimate the maxi-
mum error in the calculated area of the rectangle.
O
=
T=
1 + uvw
30. L = xze-²-2²11
Phot 12.0
34. Use differentials to estimate the amount of metal in a closed
cylindrical can that is 10 cm high and 4 cm in diameter if the
metal in the top and bottom is 0.1 cm thick and the metal in
the sides is 0.05 cm thick.
935
35. Use differentials to estimate the amount of tin in a closed tin
can with diameter 8 cm and height 12 cm if the tin is 0.04 cm
thick.
36. The wind-chill index is modeled by the function
W = 13.12 + 0.6215T - 11.370.16 +0.3965Tv0.16
where T is the temperature (in °C) and v is the wind speed
(in km/h). The wind speed is measured as 26 km/h, with a
possible error of ±2 km/h, and the temperature is measured
as -11°C, with a possible error of ±1°C. Use differentials to
estimate the maximum error in the calculated value of W due
to the measurement errors in T and v.
37. The tension T in the string of the yo-yo in the figure is
How 10
KR++
mgR
2r² + R²
U
where m is the mass of the yo-yo and g is acceleration due to
gravity. Use differentials to estimate the change in the tension
if R is increased from 3 cm to 3.1 cm and r is increased from
0.7 cm to 0.8 cm. Does the tension increase or decrease?
ΤΑ
38. The pressure, volume, and temperature of a mole of an ideal
gas are related by the equation PV = 8.317, where P is mea-
sured in kilopascals, V in liters, and T in kelvins. Use differ-
entials to find the approximate change in the pressure if the
volume increases from 12 L to 12.3 L and the temperature
decreases from 310 K to 305 K.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fd519799d-2608-47d6-9ea5-527e2b277f68%2F9e8e9941-e52c-41f2-8730-77b08500bcfc%2Fnvahbkj_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:19. Given that f is a differentiable function with f(2,5) = 6,
fr(2, 5) = 1, and fy (2, 5) = -1, use a linear approximation
to estimate
f(2.2, 4.9).
20. Find the linear approximation of the function
Actual temperature (°C)
f(x, y) = 1
- xy cos y at (1, 1) and use it to approximate
f(1.02, 0.97). Illustrate by graphing f and the tangent plane.
21. Find the linear approximation of the function
f(x, y, z) = √√x² + y² + z² at (3, 2, 6) and use it to
approximate the number √(3.02)2 + (1.97)2 + (5.99) ².
22. The wave heights h in the open sea depend on the speed v
of the wind and the length of time t that the wind has been
blowing at that speed. Values of the function h = f(v, t) are
recorded in feet in the following table. Use the table to find
a linear approximation to the wave height function when v
is near 40 knots and t is near 20 hours. Then estimate the
wave heights when the wind has been blowing for 24 hours
at 43 knots.
Wind speed (knots)
40
20
30
-15
-20
t
50 19
T
- 10
-25
5
60 24
V
14
5
9
20
- 18
- 24
<-30
-37
10
13
21
788
29
37
30
Duration (hours)
- 20
15
- 26
-33
16
- 39
25
36
47
Wind speed (km/h)
40
20
- 21
-27
32017
- 34
28
23. Use the table in Example 3 to find a linear approximation to
the heat index function when the temperature is near 94°F
and the relative humidity is near 80%. Then estimate the heat
index when the temperature is 95°F and the relative humidity
is 78%.
01 SUBUIS
-41
40
24. The wind-chill index W is the perceived temperature when
the actual temperature is T and the wind speed is v, so we can
write W = f(T, v). The following table of values is an excerpt
from Table 1 in Section 14.1. Use the table to find a linear
approximation to the wind-chill index function when Tis
near -15°C and v is near 50 km/h. Then estimate the wind-
chill index when the temperature is -17°C and the wind
speed is 55 km/h.
54
50
- 22
- 29
30
- 35
9
- 42
18
31
45
62
60
- 23
-30
40
-36
9
- 43
19
33
48
67
70
- 23
- 30
50
-37
9
- 44
19
33
50
69
SECTION 14.4 Tangent Planes and Linear Approximations
25-30 Find the differential of the function.
25. ze 2x cos 2πt
27. m = p³q³
29. R = aß² cos y
-
26. u = √√x² + 3y²
V
28. T
31. If z = 5x² + y² and (x, y) changes from (1, 2) to (1.05, 2.1),
compare the values of Az and dz.
32. If z = x²
xy + 3y² and (x, y) changes from (3, -1) to
(2.96,-0.95), compare the values of Az and dz.
33. The length and width of a rectangle are measured as 30 cm
and 24 cm, respectively, with an error in measurement of at
most 0.1 cm in each. Use differentials to estimate the maxi-
mum error in the calculated area of the rectangle.
O
=
T=
1 + uvw
30. L = xze-²-2²11
Phot 12.0
34. Use differentials to estimate the amount of metal in a closed
cylindrical can that is 10 cm high and 4 cm in diameter if the
metal in the top and bottom is 0.1 cm thick and the metal in
the sides is 0.05 cm thick.
935
35. Use differentials to estimate the amount of tin in a closed tin
can with diameter 8 cm and height 12 cm if the tin is 0.04 cm
thick.
36. The wind-chill index is modeled by the function
W = 13.12 + 0.6215T - 11.370.16 +0.3965Tv0.16
where T is the temperature (in °C) and v is the wind speed
(in km/h). The wind speed is measured as 26 km/h, with a
possible error of ±2 km/h, and the temperature is measured
as -11°C, with a possible error of ±1°C. Use differentials to
estimate the maximum error in the calculated value of W due
to the measurement errors in T and v.
37. The tension T in the string of the yo-yo in the figure is
How 10
KR++
mgR
2r² + R²
U
where m is the mass of the yo-yo and g is acceleration due to
gravity. Use differentials to estimate the change in the tension
if R is increased from 3 cm to 3.1 cm and r is increased from
0.7 cm to 0.8 cm. Does the tension increase or decrease?
ΤΑ
38. The pressure, volume, and temperature of a mole of an ideal
gas are related by the equation PV = 8.317, where P is mea-
sured in kilopascals, V in liters, and T in kelvins. Use differ-
entials to find the approximate change in the pressure if the
volume increases from 12 L to 12.3 L and the temperature
decreases from 310 K to 305 K.
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