16.4 Using the discussion of Carnot's analysis of ideal heat engines in section 3.2.3, derive the relation presented in section 16.2.4 for p (the ratio of the energy rejected as heat by a thermal power plant directly to the environment compared to the electricity produced, i.e., p = [(1 − n)/n], where n is the thermal efficiency of the power plant). Calculate this ratio for biomass-, coal-, and natural-gas-fired combined-cycle plants with thermal effi- ciencies of 30%, 37%, and 55%, respectively. Assuming that the biomass, coal, and gas plants have nameplate generating capacities of 100, 500, and 250 MW, respectively, calculate the total amount of heat rejected by each of these plants to the environment in one year, assuming their availability factors are 83%, 85%, and 87%, respectively. Recall that 1 MW₂ = 3,413 Btu and that 1 MW th = (1 MW)/n where the last ratio is also called the plant heat rate. Next, assume that the biomass, coal, and natural gas plants respectively reject their heat at 40°, 45º, and 50°C, and that you have invented a new type of heat engine with the following characteristics: (1) it accepts input heat at the temperature at which a power plant or other source rejects the heat; (2) it exploits that heat to do some work and rejects waste heat at 10°C. Calculate the ideal Carnot thermal efficiency of your engine for each of these three temperature cycles, i.e., 40–10, 45-10, and 50-10°C. Assuming 95% of the useful work of your engine can be converted to electricity, calculate the maximum amount of additional electricity in kWh each of these three plants could produce if they had your heat engine connected to their facility, i.e., the amount producible at the Carnot efficiency of your engine.

Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
ChapterMA: Math Assessment
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1MA
icon
Related questions
Question
16.4 Using the discussion of Carnot's analysis of ideal heat engines in section 3.2.3, derive
the relation presented in section 16.2.4 for p (the ratio of the energy rejected as heat by
a thermal power plant directly to the environment compared to the electricity produced,
i.e., p = [(1 − n)/n], where n is the thermal efficiency of the power plant). Calculate this
ratio for biomass-, coal-, and natural-gas-fired combined-cycle plants with thermal effi-
ciencies of 30%, 37%, and 55%, respectively. Assuming that the biomass, coal, and gas
plants have nameplate generating capacities of 100, 500, and 250 MW, respectively,
calculate the total amount of heat rejected by each of these plants to the environment
in one year, assuming their availability factors are 83%, 85%, and 87%, respectively.
Recall that 1 MW = 3,413 Btu and that 1 MW th = (1 MW)/n where the last ratio is also
called the plant heat rate. Next, assume that the biomass, coal, and natural gas plants
respectively reject their heat at 40°, 45°, and 50°C, and that you have invented a new
type of heat engine with the following characteristics: (1) it accepts input heat at the
temperature at which a po plant or other source rejects the heat; (2) it exploits that
heat to do some work and rejects waste heat at 10°C. Calculate the ideal Carnot thermal
efficiency of your engine for each of these three temperature cycles, i.e., 40–10, 45-10,
and 50-10°C. Assuming 95% of the useful work of your engine can be converted to
electricity, calculate the maximum amount of additional electricity in kWh each of these
three plants could produce if they had your heat engine connected to their facility, i.e.,
the amount producible at the Carnot efficiency of
your engine.
Transcribed Image Text:16.4 Using the discussion of Carnot's analysis of ideal heat engines in section 3.2.3, derive the relation presented in section 16.2.4 for p (the ratio of the energy rejected as heat by a thermal power plant directly to the environment compared to the electricity produced, i.e., p = [(1 − n)/n], where n is the thermal efficiency of the power plant). Calculate this ratio for biomass-, coal-, and natural-gas-fired combined-cycle plants with thermal effi- ciencies of 30%, 37%, and 55%, respectively. Assuming that the biomass, coal, and gas plants have nameplate generating capacities of 100, 500, and 250 MW, respectively, calculate the total amount of heat rejected by each of these plants to the environment in one year, assuming their availability factors are 83%, 85%, and 87%, respectively. Recall that 1 MW = 3,413 Btu and that 1 MW th = (1 MW)/n where the last ratio is also called the plant heat rate. Next, assume that the biomass, coal, and natural gas plants respectively reject their heat at 40°, 45°, and 50°C, and that you have invented a new type of heat engine with the following characteristics: (1) it accepts input heat at the temperature at which a po plant or other source rejects the heat; (2) it exploits that heat to do some work and rejects waste heat at 10°C. Calculate the ideal Carnot thermal efficiency of your engine for each of these three temperature cycles, i.e., 40–10, 45-10, and 50-10°C. Assuming 95% of the useful work of your engine can be converted to electricity, calculate the maximum amount of additional electricity in kWh each of these three plants could produce if they had your heat engine connected to their facility, i.e., the amount producible at the Carnot efficiency of your engine.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps with 3 images

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Properties of Pure Substances
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:
9780190698614
Author:
Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:
9780134319650
Author:
Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:
PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:
9781259822674
Author:
Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:
9781118170519
Author:
Norman S. Nise
Publisher:
WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:
9781337093347
Author:
Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:
9781118807330
Author:
James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:
WILEY