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16. 17. 200 km depth What is normal and what is reversed? a. heat flow b. partial melting SUBDUCTION ZONE C. ocean floor magnetism d. the way the convection is working

16. 17. 200 km depth What is normal and what is reversed? a. heat flow b. partial melting SUBDUCTION ZONE C. ocean floor magnetism d. the way the convection is working

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
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# 19 and 16 please.
### Mid-Ocean Ridge and Oceanic Crust Dynamics #### Diagram Explanation The diagram provided illustrates the structure and dynamic processes occurring at a mid-ocean ridge, a key feature of plate tectonics. The diagram is divided into major sections: - The **Surface of the Sea Floor** is illustrated with two labels: "Reversed" on the left and "Normal" on the right, indicating different magnetic orientations. - The **Mid-Ocean Ridge** is depicted at the center of the diagram, where it's labeled. - The **Surface of the Ocean** is represented on the right side above the Oceanic Crust. - Beneath the Mid-Ocean Ridge, there is **Partial Melting** occurring in a **Rising Column**, which illustrates magma rising due to mantle convection. - Depth markers are shown at 100 km and 200 km below the ocean floor. This diagram visualizes the phenomenon where new oceanic crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges and shows how the magnetic polarity of the sea floor can indicate normal or reversed orientations due to plate tectonics. #### Quiz Questions **16. What is normal and what is reversed?** a. heat flow b. partial melting c. ocean floor magnetism d. the way the convection is working --- #### Additional Diagram Information At the bottom of the provided image, there is a second diagram showing a subduction zone and spreading center: - The **Subduction Zone** is shown where the oceanic lithosphere is forced underneath the continental lithosphere, forming a trench and arc volcanoes. - The **Spreading Center** is shown where new oceanic lithosphere is formed, pushed by diverging plates. These diagrams collectively inform the viewer about the processes involved in mid-ocean ridge spreading and subduction zones, crucial elements in understanding plate tectonics and geologic activity under the ocean.
Transcribed Image Text:### Mid-Ocean Ridge and Oceanic Crust Dynamics #### Diagram Explanation The diagram provided illustrates the structure and dynamic processes occurring at a mid-ocean ridge, a key feature of plate tectonics. The diagram is divided into major sections: - The **Surface of the Sea Floor** is illustrated with two labels: "Reversed" on the left and "Normal" on the right, indicating different magnetic orientations. - The **Mid-Ocean Ridge** is depicted at the center of the diagram, where it's labeled. - The **Surface of the Ocean** is represented on the right side above the Oceanic Crust. - Beneath the Mid-Ocean Ridge, there is **Partial Melting** occurring in a **Rising Column**, which illustrates magma rising due to mantle convection. - Depth markers are shown at 100 km and 200 km below the ocean floor. This diagram visualizes the phenomenon where new oceanic crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges and shows how the magnetic polarity of the sea floor can indicate normal or reversed orientations due to plate tectonics. #### Quiz Questions **16. What is normal and what is reversed?** a. heat flow b. partial melting c. ocean floor magnetism d. the way the convection is working --- #### Additional Diagram Information At the bottom of the provided image, there is a second diagram showing a subduction zone and spreading center: - The **Subduction Zone** is shown where the oceanic lithosphere is forced underneath the continental lithosphere, forming a trench and arc volcanoes. - The **Spreading Center** is shown where new oceanic lithosphere is formed, pushed by diverging plates. These diagrams collectively inform the viewer about the processes involved in mid-ocean ridge spreading and subduction zones, crucial elements in understanding plate tectonics and geologic activity under the ocean.
### Plate Tectonics and Geological Features **Question 18:** This shows _________. - a. hot spots volcanism - b. formation of the Andes - c. a divergent plate margin - d. formation of the Himalayas **Question 19:** ![Geological Diagram](https://via.placeholder.com/150) This diagram has a lot going on! Look up another name for the sedimentary rock area shown on the diagram. It is the ________ (note that several names are related to Plate Tectonics and the language gets complex!). - a. fossil fish zone - b. accretionary wedge - c. the back arch basin - d. fold and thrust belt **Diagram Explanation:** The attached diagram showcases a cross-section of a tectonic plate boundary, specifically a convergent boundary where one plate subducts beneath another. Key features illustrated in the diagram include: - **VOLCANIC ARC**: A chain of volcanoes that forms on the overriding tectonic plate. - **MID-OCEAN RIDGE (spreading center)**: Indicated as the area where new oceanic crust is formed. - **SUBDUCTION ZONE**: This is where one tectonic plate moves under another, diving into the mantle. - **OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE**: The rigid outer layer of the earth, including the crust and upper mantle, that forms the ocean floor. - **CONTINENTAL LITHOSPHERE**: Part of the Earth's crust that makes up continents. - **SEDIMENTARY ROCKS**: Rocks formed by the accumulation and consolidation of mineral and organic particles. - **METAMORPHIC ROCKS**: Rocks changed by high heat and pressure conditions. - **IGNEOUS ROCKS**: Rocks formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. - **BASALT LAVA**: Magma erupted onto the ocean floor, forming basalt. This intricate interplay of geological processes is key to understanding the dynamics of our planet's surface.
Transcribed Image Text:### Plate Tectonics and Geological Features **Question 18:** This shows _________. - a. hot spots volcanism - b. formation of the Andes - c. a divergent plate margin - d. formation of the Himalayas **Question 19:** ![Geological Diagram](https://via.placeholder.com/150) This diagram has a lot going on! Look up another name for the sedimentary rock area shown on the diagram. It is the ________ (note that several names are related to Plate Tectonics and the language gets complex!). - a. fossil fish zone - b. accretionary wedge - c. the back arch basin - d. fold and thrust belt **Diagram Explanation:** The attached diagram showcases a cross-section of a tectonic plate boundary, specifically a convergent boundary where one plate subducts beneath another. Key features illustrated in the diagram include: - **VOLCANIC ARC**: A chain of volcanoes that forms on the overriding tectonic plate. - **MID-OCEAN RIDGE (spreading center)**: Indicated as the area where new oceanic crust is formed. - **SUBDUCTION ZONE**: This is where one tectonic plate moves under another, diving into the mantle. - **OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE**: The rigid outer layer of the earth, including the crust and upper mantle, that forms the ocean floor. - **CONTINENTAL LITHOSPHERE**: Part of the Earth's crust that makes up continents. - **SEDIMENTARY ROCKS**: Rocks formed by the accumulation and consolidation of mineral and organic particles. - **METAMORPHIC ROCKS**: Rocks changed by high heat and pressure conditions. - **IGNEOUS ROCKS**: Rocks formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. - **BASALT LAVA**: Magma erupted onto the ocean floor, forming basalt. This intricate interplay of geological processes is key to understanding the dynamics of our planet's surface.
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