15. Exercise and StressA study shows that exercise appears to offer some resiliency against stress. In the study, mice were randomly assigned to live in an enriched environment (EE), a standard environment (SE), or an impoverished environment (IE) for several weeks. Only the enriched environment provided opportunities for exercise. Half the mice then remained in their home cage (HC) as control groups while half were subjected to stress (SD) by being placed repeatedly with a very aggressive mouse. All the mice in SD exhibited acute signs of stress during these brief exposures to ‘‘mouse bullies.” The researchers were interested in how resilient the mice were in recovering from the stress after the mouse bullying stopped.1Immunological EffectsIn addition to the behavioral effects of stress, the researchers studied several immunological effects of stress. One measure studied is stress-induced decline in FosB-positive cells in the FosB/ΔFosA expression. This portion of the study only included seven mice in each of the six groups, and lower levels indicate more stress. The mean levels of FosB+ cells for each combination of environment and stress are shown in Table 1. IE:HC SE:HC EE:HC IE:SD SE:SD EE:SD 86 129 178 21 68 152 Table 1 FosB+ Cells a) Within each of the no-stress and stress groups (HC and SD) separately, which environment has the highest average level of FosB+ cells? (b) The sum of squares for groups is SSG=118,286 and for error is SSE=75,074. Complete a test to determine if there is a difference in mean FosB+ levels between the groups. Fill in the following ANOVA table.Round your answers to two decimal places. Source df SS MS F-Statistic Groups Error Total c) What is the p-value?Round your answer to four decimal places.
15. Exercise and Stress
A study shows that exercise appears to offer some resiliency against stress. In the study, mice were randomly assigned to live in an enriched environment (EE), a standard environment (SE), or an impoverished environment (IE) for several weeks. Only the enriched environment provided opportunities for exercise. Half the mice then remained in their home cage (HC) as control groups while half were subjected to stress (SD) by being placed repeatedly with a very aggressive mouse. All the mice in SD exhibited acute signs of stress during these brief exposures to ‘‘mouse bullies.” The researchers were interested in how resilient the mice were in recovering from the stress after the mouse bullying stopped.1
Immunological Effects
In addition to the behavioral effects of stress, the researchers studied several immunological effects of stress. One measure studied is stress-induced decline in FosB-positive cells in the FosB/ΔFosA expression. This portion of the study only included seven mice in each of the six groups, and lower levels indicate more stress. The mean levels of FosB+ cells for each combination of environment and stress are shown in Table 1.
| IE:HC | SE:HC | EE:HC | IE:SD | SE:SD | EE:SD |
| 86 | 129 | 178 | 21 | 68 | 152 |
Table 1 FosB+ Cells
(b) The sum of squares for groups is SSG=118,286 and for error is SSE=75,074. Complete a test to determine if there is a difference in mean FosB+ levels between the groups. Fill in the following ANOVA table.
Round your answers to two decimal places.
| Source | df | SS | MS | F-Statistic |
| Groups | ||||
| Error | ||||
| Total |
c) What is the p-value?
Round your answer to four decimal places.
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