T(NA)² _ 1( NA4( nS=where NA is the fiber numerical aperture, n isthe core refractive index, and NA/nrepresentsthe half-angle of the cone of captured rays. IfNA = 0.20 and n= 1.50, what fraction of thescattered light is recaptured by the fiber in thereverse direction.2. 14.10 Assuming that Rayleight scattering is approxi-mately isotropic (uniform in all directions),show that the fraction S of scattered lighttrapped in a multimode fiber in the backwarddirection is given by

Given, that Raylight scattering is generally isotropic and equal in all directions. Let the letter R…

14.10 Assuming that Rayleight scattering is approxi- mately isotropic (uniform in all directions), show that the fraction S of scattered light trapped in a multimode fiber in the backward direction is given by

14.10 Assuming that Rayleight scattering is approxi- mately isotropic (uniform in all directions), show that the fraction S of scattered light trapped in a multimode fiber in the backward direction is given by

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)

13th Edition

ISBN:9780133923605

Author:Robert L. Boylestad

Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P: Visit your local library (at school or home) and describe the extent to which it provides literature...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: In the calculation of the probability of transition of electromagnetic radiation by atoms, there are…

A: A kind of energy called electromagnetic radiation, such as light, travels through space as…

Q: In a communication system an antenna is connected through a 50 Q transmission line. The antenna's…

A: Given: In a communication system, an antenna is connected through a 50 Ω transmission line. The…

Q: Consider a step index multimode fiber with a core diameter of (9.0000x10^1) (µm), a core refractive…

A: According to the question,Consider a step index multimode fiber with a core diameter of…

Q: Refer to Table 4.3 and find the Fourier coefficient Cr for the waveform shown: x(t) -4 -3-2 -1 0 1 2…

Q: envelope of a sinusoidally amplitude modulated carrier wave varies from a maximum value of 4V to a…

Q: On a 20 second exposure, a star with magnitude B = 15 produces an SNR = 100 signal with a small…

A: A condition in which photon noise predominates as a source of noise in an optical system is referred…

Q: 4. A particular planar waveguide comprises a guiding layer of refractive index equal to 1.454 bound…

A: According to the question, A particular planar waveguide comprises a guiding layer of refractive…

Q: a) What is the dominant mode if a<b in a rectangular waveguide? This mod's cut What is wavelength?…

Q: a. A step-index fiber has a normalized frequency V = 25.4 at 1310 nm wavelength. If the core radius…

A: we havefind numerical apertureb) find number of mode

Q: Circular Dichroism. Certain materials have different absorption coefficients for right and left…

A: Circular dichroism (CD) is the differential absorption of left- and right-handed light caused by…

Q: A T-junction power divider is the simplest network that can be used for power division or power…

Q: For a 3- um diameter optical fiber with core and cladding indexes of refraction of 1.545 and 1.510,…

A: Given: Diameter of optical fiber, d=3 μm radius, r=1.5 μm Cladding…

Q: 11.a. A fiber link has a polarization mode dispersion of 4.2 ps/√km. The fiber link is 5 km. What's…

A: This is a basic problem of opttical fiber communication The solution is given below

Q: Derive the scattering parameters for the circuit shown in Figure below. When jX, = 75 N; jX, = 25 Q,…

A: Converting given circuit into ABCD parameter -: A = 4 Ω , B = 75 Ω , C = 0.04 Ω ,…

Q: Design a microstrip for a 50 ohms characteristic impedance. Use h=1.6mm epoxiglass substrate.…

A: Design a microstrip for a 50 ohms characteristic impedance. And use h=1.6mm epoxy glass substrate.…

Q: radiation pressure

A: Isotropic radiation- The radiation from a point source which is uniformly radiating in every…

Q: A grating has 1000 lines/mm of width. How wide must the grating be in order to resolve the mode…

Q: 8- Explain the concept of optical pumping by considering the interaction of a right polarized field…

A: Optical pumping is the redistribution of atoms upon their fine levels by means of light.The…

Q: Phase shift due to finite length of circuit conductors. On a particular type of circuit board,…

A: Since one wavelength corresponds to the propagation delay of 360 degrees, that implies to a…

Q: Which is not true regarding SPR biosensors? It allows real-time monitoring of bioaffinity…

A: We have given the solution of both the questions. For first question we need to choose the correct…

Q: Optical spectrum analyzers directly measure the wavelength of light in an air environment. However,…

Q: 2. For a slab dielectric waveguide with n₁, n₂ for the refractive indices of the core and classing,…

A: Answer... To determine the minimum slab thickness required to accommodate two TE modes in a slab…

Q: The available wavelength band for silicon based fiber consists of O-band(1260 to 1360 nm), E-band…

A: The answer as given below:

Q: 4.2-3 Determine and sketch the spectrum of the DSB-SC signal 2m(t) cos 4000лt for the following…

A: DSB-SC stands for Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier. It is a modulation technique used in…

Q: What are em and he modes? How do they differ from te and tem modes? What is a single mode waveguide…

Q: A cross-sectional view of an optical fiber is shown in the figure. The optical fiber has core and…

Q: An optical fiber designed to have a solid acceptance angle 0.083 rad in a liquid and a maximum core…

A: According to the question, we have to calculate the refractive index of the liquid with the help of…

Q: We have such fiber with length of 4 km and couple light from a single mode laser with center…

A: The question is about calculating the pulse broadening in picoseconds (ps) caused by material…

Q: Discuss the characteristics and advantages of optical fiber as a transmission medium, including its…

A: Optical fiber is a transmission medium known for its exceptional characteristics and advantages,…

Q: A sequence of alternating Is and Os is transmitted as a square wave. What is the fundamental…

A: Solution

Q: Explain the concept of dispersion in optical fibers and its impact on the quality of signal…

A: Optical fiber scattering portrays the course of how an info signal widens/fans out as it…

Q: 4. Assume that a hollow cylindrical waveguide with a conducting boundary supports both TE and TM…

A: The dominant propagation mode in a hollow cylindrical waveguide with a conducting boundary depends…

Q: Discuss the characteristics and applications of different unguided transmission media, including…

A: Unguided transmission media, including radio waves, microwaves, and infrared, are used for wireless…

Q: True or False. If the noise variance increases, the average power density of the Gaussian white…

Q: Coaxial cable is used in applications requiring the propagation of high-frequency signal. Such cable…

A: According to the question, we need to calculate the capacitance of the RG-59/U coaxial cable.Inner…

Q: Give a brief explanation of the Laplae Model and derive its transfer function

A: To do:We have to explain the Laplace model and its use in deriving the transfer function.

Question

T(NA)² _ 1( NA
4( n
S=
where NA is the fiber numerical aperture, n is
the core refractive index, and NA/nrepresents
the half-angle of the cone of captured rays. If
NA = 0.20 and n= 1.50, what fraction of the
scattered light is recaptured by the fiber in the
reverse direction.
2.

14.10 Assuming that Rayleight scattering is approxi-
mately isotropic (uniform in all directions),
show that the fraction S of scattered light
trapped in a multimode fiber in the backward
direction is given by

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Mathematical Modeling of Mechanical System

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, electrical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Sketch and identify the components in an eddy current inspection configuration. Explain the relationship given below and identify all parameters and the basis for their, in the context of selection to increase signal for a small surface crack in a thin aluminum plate. δ = 1/(sqrt( π f μ σ))
2. If the wavelength of a signal is 10 mm, then the wavenumber of the material when a waveguide is filled with that material is: a) 628 b) 345 c) 123 d) None of the mentioned
Which of the following statements is not true about the linear polarization technique? a) Measurements begin at-20 mV from OCP and end around +100 mV from OCP b) The slope of the plot is AE/AC is given in volts/amperes or mV/mA c) This technique can be used to determine very low rate of corrosion d) It can be used to monitor corrosion rate in process plant
What maximum frequency of a medium is needed to obtain a capacity of 16 Mbps using 256 signal components?
Assume the saturation mode and solve for the Q point. Find VGSQ, IDQ, and VDSQ. Given VTN = 1.0 V and Kn = 2 mA/V^2
A light signal is travelling through a fiber. What is the delay in the signal if the length of the fiber-optic cable is 10 m, 100 m, and 1 Km (assume a propagation speed of 2x108 m/sec)?
A material has an attenuation coefficient of 0.5 dB per centimeter and its scattering coefficient is negligibly small. What fraction of incident light can pass through a 2-centimeter thickness? a. 0.5 b. 0.25 c. 0.79 d. 0.01 e. None; the material is opaque
A standard waveguide WR187, has the following dimensions: outside walls 2.000 x 1.000 in., wall thickness 0.064 in. Determine the highest frequency that can be transmitted if only the TE10 mode is permitted. What modes can exist in it if it is excited by a wave of frequency 6.00 GHz?
A sequence of alternating 1s and 0s is transmitted as a square wave. What is the fundamentalfrequency and how many harmonics can be used if the available BW is 100 MHz and a data rate of 56Mbps is desired? Express the signal as a mathematical function of time (s(t)) and sketch the resultingsignal in both the time and frequency domains. Is this a “good enough” representation of the squarewave? Why or why not?
a source at 1000 Hz in sea water is transmission loss due to absorption in sea water greater than the transmission loss due to cylindrical spreading over the first 100 km in100m water depth? Answer is: spreading loss 67 dB and absorption loss 4dB.
b) If quantity A is PATAT with TC of 2mV/C, and quantity B is CTAT with TC of -1mVrC, then determine the following quantities if they are PTAT or CTAT 1. 1/A 2. 1/B 3. A+ 5°B
4. Again, from the zigzag-path waveguiding model, explain why the group velocity is always slower than the phase velocity in a waveguide with a cutoff frequency.