13. Consider a particle of mass m described by a normalized wave function of the form {v What is the expectation value of the position of this particle x? (x) = 45x²e² ar x > 0 x < 0
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- 1A Quantum system has a ground state with energy E0 = 100meV and a 3-fold degenerate excited state with energy E1 = 100meV . Calculate the probability of finding the system in its groud state when it is at T = 300 K? a) 0.94 b) 0.06 c) 1 d) 0.984. Show that the wave functions for the ground state and first excited state of the simple harmonic oscillator, given by W0 (x) and W1 (x), are orthogonal, where %(x) = Aoe¬max² /2h 4 (x) = A1V m@ -mox² /2h -xe
- 10. A particle is represented (at time t = 0) by the wave function ¥(x,0) = {4(a² ¯ 0, JA(a²-x²), if- a ≤x≤+a otherwise (a) Determine the normalization constant A. (b) What is the expectation value of x (at time t = 0)? d (c) What is the expectation value of p (at time t = 0)? (Note that you cannot get it from p = m² .Why dt not?) (d) Find the expectation value of x². (e) Find the expectation value of p².An electron moving in a box of length ‘a’. If Z1 is the wave function at x1 = a/4 with n=1 and Z2 at x = a/4 for n=2 find Z1/Z24. Use the variational principle to estimate the ground state energy of a particle in the potential (∞0 x < 0 U(x) = \cx x≥0 Take xe-bx as a trial function.
- The expectation value of a function f(x), denoted by (f(x)), is given by (f(x)) = f(x)\(x)|³dx +00 Yn(x) = where (x) is the normalised wave function. A one-dimensional box is on the x-axis in the region of 0 ≤ x ≤ L. The normalised wave functions for a particle in the box are given by -sin -8 Calculate (x) and (x²) for a particle in the nth state. n = 1, 2, 3, ....4. Normalize the following wavefunctions 4 55 (a) v(x) = sin (#2); =sin(); for a particle in a 1D box of length L. (b) (2) = xe-z|2 (c) (x) = e(x²/a²)+(ikz) 5. In a region of space, a particle with mass m and with zero energy has a time- independent wave-function (x) = Ae-2/12, where A and L are constants. Use your knowledge of the Schrödinger equation to determine the potential energy V(x) of the particle. Plot the potential function? What is the minimum potential energy for the particle, if it is an electron and L = 1 fm? Is this potential repulsive or attractive?