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12. Write: If you were an astrobiologist, what would you do to search for life? Write at least 2 paragraphs describing what you would look for and why, using what you learned about spectra. Use this as an opportunity to summarize what you have learned since we first began thinking about life in outer space.

12. Write: If you were an astrobiologist, what would you do to search for life? Write at least 2 paragraphs describing what you would look for and why, using what you learned about spectra. Use this as an opportunity to summarize what you have learned since we first began thinking about life in outer space.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
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Please do question number 12 and please make your handwriting clear
rmal text Open Sans B IUA 12 + 1三 ンニ 三、三、三三 |.1 2 The seven Earth-size planets of TRAPPIST-1 are all mostly made of rock, with some having the potential to hold more water than Earth, according to a new study published in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics. The planets' densities, now known much more precisely than before, suggest that some planets could have up to 5 percent of their mass in water- which is 250 times more than the oceans on Earth. The form that water would take on TRAPPIST-1 planets would depend on the amount of heat they receive from their star, which is a mere 9 percent as massive as our Sun. Planets closest to the star are more likelv to host water in the form of atmospheric vanor while those farther away mav have water frozen on their surfaces as ice. TRAPPIST-le is the rockiest planet of them all, but still is believed to have the potential to host some liquid water. "We now know more about TRAPPIST-1 than any other planetary system apart from our own," said Sean Carey, manager of the Spitzer Science Center at Caltech/IPAC in Pasadena, California, and co-author of the new study. "The improved densities in our study dramatically refine our understanding of the nature of these mysterious worlds." Since the extent of the system was revealed in February 2017, researchers have been working hard to better characterize these planets and collect more information about them. The new study offers better estimates than ever for the planets' densities. How do we know? Scientists are able to calculate the densities of the planets because they happen to be lined up such that when they pass in front of their star, our Earth- and space-based telescopes can detect a dimming of its light. This is called a transit. The amount by which the starlight dims is related to the radius of the planet. To get the density, scientists take advantage of what is called "transit timing variations." If there were no other gravitational forces on a transiting planet, it would always cross in front of its host star in the same amount of time - for example, Earth orbits the Sun every 365 days, which is how we define one year. But because the TRAPPIST-1 planets are packed so close together, they change the timing of each other's "years" ever so slightly. Those variations in orbital timing are used to estimate the planets' masses. Then, mass and radius are used to calculate density.
Transcribed Image Text:rmal text Open Sans B IUA 12 + 1三 ンニ 三、三、三三 |.1 2 The seven Earth-size planets of TRAPPIST-1 are all mostly made of rock, with some having the potential to hold more water than Earth, according to a new study published in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics. The planets' densities, now known much more precisely than before, suggest that some planets could have up to 5 percent of their mass in water- which is 250 times more than the oceans on Earth. The form that water would take on TRAPPIST-1 planets would depend on the amount of heat they receive from their star, which is a mere 9 percent as massive as our Sun. Planets closest to the star are more likelv to host water in the form of atmospheric vanor while those farther away mav have water frozen on their surfaces as ice. TRAPPIST-le is the rockiest planet of them all, but still is believed to have the potential to host some liquid water. "We now know more about TRAPPIST-1 than any other planetary system apart from our own," said Sean Carey, manager of the Spitzer Science Center at Caltech/IPAC in Pasadena, California, and co-author of the new study. "The improved densities in our study dramatically refine our understanding of the nature of these mysterious worlds." Since the extent of the system was revealed in February 2017, researchers have been working hard to better characterize these planets and collect more information about them. The new study offers better estimates than ever for the planets' densities. How do we know? Scientists are able to calculate the densities of the planets because they happen to be lined up such that when they pass in front of their star, our Earth- and space-based telescopes can detect a dimming of its light. This is called a transit. The amount by which the starlight dims is related to the radius of the planet. To get the density, scientists take advantage of what is called "transit timing variations." If there were no other gravitational forces on a transiting planet, it would always cross in front of its host star in the same amount of time - for example, Earth orbits the Sun every 365 days, which is how we define one year. But because the TRAPPIST-1 planets are packed so close together, they change the timing of each other's "years" ever so slightly. Those variations in orbital timing are used to estimate the planets' masses. Then, mass and radius are used to calculate density.
92 UV 380 500 600 700 780 IR 7500 Spectral lines are the particular wavelengths of light which are produced when an element returns to its ground state from Excited state. As electrons return to ground state following a clearly defined path according to Quantum probabilities they emit photons of specific Energy energy This wavelength of light color of light. 10. After completing the Star Spectra Activity, please explain how we can tell what elements are present in distant stars? Stars are made of very hot gas. This gas consists of 87% hydrogen & 90% helium and 3% other elements. We can analyze the line spectra of the light emitted. 11. Please explain how w can tell what elements are in the atmospheres of exoplanets? Exoplanet atmosphere tells the physical condition of the world. We can use transit spectroscopy to tell the composition of exoplanets. 12. Write: If you were an astrobiologist, what would you do to search for life? Write at least 2 paragraphs describing what you would look for and why, using what you learned about spectra. Use this as an opportunity to summarize what you have learned since we first began thinking about life in outer space.
Transcribed Image Text:92 UV 380 500 600 700 780 IR 7500 Spectral lines are the particular wavelengths of light which are produced when an element returns to its ground state from Excited state. As electrons return to ground state following a clearly defined path according to Quantum probabilities they emit photons of specific Energy energy This wavelength of light color of light. 10. After completing the Star Spectra Activity, please explain how we can tell what elements are present in distant stars? Stars are made of very hot gas. This gas consists of 87% hydrogen & 90% helium and 3% other elements. We can analyze the line spectra of the light emitted. 11. Please explain how w can tell what elements are in the atmospheres of exoplanets? Exoplanet atmosphere tells the physical condition of the world. We can use transit spectroscopy to tell the composition of exoplanets. 12. Write: If you were an astrobiologist, what would you do to search for life? Write at least 2 paragraphs describing what you would look for and why, using what you learned about spectra. Use this as an opportunity to summarize what you have learned since we first began thinking about life in outer space.
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