Umesh 111=O CHEMICAL REACTIONSSolving for a reactant using a chemical equation05AllGreen plants use light from the Sun to drive photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which water (H,O) and carbon dioxide (CO) chemicallyreact to form the simple sugar glucose (CHO) and oxygen gas (0)What mass of simple sugar glucose is produced by the reaction of 2.1 g of water?Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.0.

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World of Chemistry, 3rd edition

3rd Edition

ISBN:9781133109655

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter9: Chemical Quantities

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 50A

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Propane, C3H8, is the fuel of choice in a gas barbecue. When burning, the balanced equation is C3H8+5O23CO2+4H2O a What is the limiting reactant in cooking with a gas grill? b If the grill will not light and you know that you have an ample flow of propane to the burner, what is the limiting reactant? c When using a gas grill you can sometimes turn the gas up to the point at which the flame becomes yellow and smokey. In terms of the chemical reaction, what is happening?
4.69 The pictures below show a molecular-scale view of a chemical reaction between H2 and CO to produce methanol, CH3OH. The box on the left represents the reactants at the instant of mixing, and the box on the right shows what is left once the reaction has gone to completion. Was there a limiting reactant in this reaction? If so, what was it? Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. As usual, your equation should use the smallest possible whole number coefficients for all substances.
The space shuttle environmental control system handles excess CO2 (which the astronauts breathe out; it is 4.0% by mass of exhaled air) by reacting it with lithium hydroxide, LiOH, pellets to form lithium carbonate, Li2CO3, and water. If there are seven astronauts on board the shuttle, and each exhales 20. L of air pee minute, how long could clean air be generated if there were 25,000 g of LiOH pellets available for each shuttle mission? Assume the density of air is 0.0010 g/mL.
Many cereals are made with high moisture content so that the cereal can be formed into various shapes before it is dried. A cereal product containing 58% H2O by mass is produced at the rate of 1000. kg/h. What mass of water must be evaporated per hour if the final product contains only 20.% water?
3.83 For the reaction of nitrogen, N2, and hydrogen, H2, to form ammonia, NH3, a student is attempting to draw a particulate diagram, as shown below. Did the student draw a correct representation of the reaction? If not, what was the error the student made?
3.68 Magnesium is lighter than other structural metals, so it is increasingly important in the design of more efficient vehicles. Mg2+ ions are present in seawater, and the metal is often prepared by "harvesting" these ions and converting them to Mg metal. The average magnesium content of the oceans is about 1270 g Mg2+ per ton of seawater, and the density of seawater is about 1.03 g/mL. What is the molarity of Mg2+ ions in seawater? The design for a concept car calls for 103 kg of magnesium per vehicle. How many gallons of seawater would be required to supply enough magnesium to build one of these ears?
3.50 A test of an automobile engine's exhaust revealed that g of NO2 was emitted in 10 minutes of operation. How many moles of NO2 would this engine release if it were used for a 45-minute commute, assuming that this mea- sured number is representative of the emission under all circumstances?
Consider the chemical reaction 2 S + 3 O2 → 2 SO3. If the reaction is run by adding S indefinitely to a fixed amount of O2, which of these graphs best represents the formation of SO3? Explain your choice.
3.82 The particulate scale drawing shown depicts the products of a reaction between N2 and O2 molecules. (a) Draw a similar representation for the reactants that must have been present before the reaction took place. (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction, using the smallest possible whole number coefficients.
About 5 billion kilograms of benzene, C6H6, are made each year. Benzene is used as a starting material for many other compounds and as a solvent (although it is also a carcinogen, and its use is restricted). One compound that can be made from benzene is cyclohexane, C6H12. C6H6() + 3 H2(g) C6H12() rH = 206.7 kJ/mol-rxn; rS = 361.5 J/K mol-rxn Is this reaction predicted to be product-favored at equilibrium at 25 C? Is the reaction enthalpy- or entropy-driven?
3.115 The average person exhales 1.0 kg of carbon dioxide in a day. Describe how you would estimate the number of CO2 molecules exhaled per breath for this average person.
3.75 The following pictures show a molecular-scale view of a chemical reaction between the compounds AB2 and B2. (A atoms are shown in blue and B atoms in white). The box on the left represents the reactants at the instant of mixing, and the box on the right shows what is left once the reac- tion has gone to completion. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. As usual, your equation should use the smallest possible whole number coefficients for all substances.

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