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11.16. Proteins in aqueous solution fold to unique three-dimensional structures at ambient conditions. However, they also have a first-order-like transition to a state of less-structured, floppy configurations that can be accomplished in a number of ways. The most common is by increasing T past the folding tempera- ture at ambient pressure. They can also be unfolded by extreme compression, cooling, and expansion into the negative-pressure regime, at least in theory Figure 11.8 gives a schematic of the "phase" behavior and these four mechanisms of unfolding. (a) For each mechanism, indicate the signs of the volume and entropy changes associated with the folded-to-unfolded transition, namely AV Vunfolded Vfolded and AS Sunfolded Sfolded Figure 11.8. Proteins can exist in folded and unfolded states depending on the pressure and temperature. The gray line denotes the boundary between the two, called the folding curve. The indicates ambient conditions. compression folded heat cold -T unfolded expansion/stretching (b) Explain why the cooling and stretching mechanisms might be difficult or impossible to realize in an experiment. Hint: what would happen if the solution contained no proteins?

11.16. Proteins in aqueous solution fold to unique three-dimensional structures at ambient conditions. However, they also have a first-order-like transition to a state of less-structured, floppy configurations that can be accomplished in a number of ways. The most common is by increasing T past the folding tempera- ture at ambient pressure. They can also be unfolded by extreme compression, cooling, and expansion into the negative-pressure regime, at least in theory Figure 11.8 gives a schematic of the "phase" behavior and these four mechanisms of unfolding. (a) For each mechanism, indicate the signs of the volume and entropy changes associated with the folded-to-unfolded transition, namely AV Vunfolded Vfolded and AS Sunfolded Sfolded Figure 11.8. Proteins can exist in folded and unfolded states depending on the pressure and temperature. The gray line denotes the boundary between the two, called the folding curve. The indicates ambient conditions. compression folded heat cold -T unfolded expansion/stretching (b) Explain why the cooling and stretching mechanisms might be difficult or impossible to realize in an experiment. Hint: what would happen if the solution contained no proteins?

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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This problem is (11.16) from a book  "Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics An Integrated Approach by M. Scott Shell"

11.16. Proteins in aqueous solution fold to unique three-dimensional structures at ambient conditions. However, they also have a first-order-like transition to a state of less-structured, floppy configurations that can be accomplished in a number of ways. The most common is by increasing T past the folding tempera- ture at ambient pressure. They can also be unfolded by extreme compression, cooling, and expansion into the negative-pressure regime, at least in theory Figure 11.8 gives a schematic of the "phase" behavior and these four mechanisms of unfolding. (a) For each mechanism, indicate the signs of the volume and entropy changes associated with the folded-to-unfolded transition, namely AV Vunfolded Vfolded and AS Sunfolded Sfolded Figure 11.8. Proteins can exist in folded and unfolded states depending on the pressure and temperature. The gray line denotes the boundary between the two, called the folding curve. The indicates ambient conditions. compression folded heat cold -T unfolded expansion/stretching
Transcribed Image Text:11.16. Proteins in aqueous solution fold to unique three-dimensional structures at ambient conditions. However, they also have a first-order-like transition to a state of less-structured, floppy configurations that can be accomplished in a number of ways. The most common is by increasing T past the folding tempera- ture at ambient pressure. They can also be unfolded by extreme compression, cooling, and expansion into the negative-pressure regime, at least in theory Figure 11.8 gives a schematic of the "phase" behavior and these four mechanisms of unfolding. (a) For each mechanism, indicate the signs of the volume and entropy changes associated with the folded-to-unfolded transition, namely AV Vunfolded Vfolded and AS Sunfolded Sfolded Figure 11.8. Proteins can exist in folded and unfolded states depending on the pressure and temperature. The gray line denotes the boundary between the two, called the folding curve. The indicates ambient conditions. compression folded heat cold -T unfolded expansion/stretching
(b) Explain why the cooling and stretching mechanisms might be difficult or impossible to realize in an experiment. Hint: what would happen if the solution contained no proteins?
Transcribed Image Text:(b) Explain why the cooling and stretching mechanisms might be difficult or impossible to realize in an experiment. Hint: what would happen if the solution contained no proteins?
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