11. Why is the control of gene expression so critical for all living organisms? To conserve energy To respond to external signals To react to environmental changes All of the above 12. Promoters... * ....specify the start and direction of transcription. ...can be upstream or downstream of a gene. ...are unique to eukaryotes. ...are nonessential to transcription, and just increase transcription rates. 13. Termination sites... * O O are unique to bacteria. -prevent RNA polymerase from going in the wrong direction. ...are locations where RNA transcripts are degraded. direct RNA polymerase to stop transcribing. 7
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
11) Why is the control of gene expression so critical for all living organisms?
Ans ) all the above
By switching the genes off, when they are not needed, cells can prevent resources from being wasted. There should be natural selection favouring the ability to switch genes on and off. Complex multi-cellular organisms are produced by cells that switch genes on and off during development. A typical human cell normal expresses about 3% to 5% of its genes at any given time. Cancer result from genes that do not turn off properly. Regulation of gene expression includes the processes that cells and viruses used to regulate the way that the information in genes is turned into gene products. All though a functional gene product can be RNA, the majority of known mechanism regular protein coding genes. Any step of the genes expression, can be modulated from DNA- RNA transcription to the post translational modification of a protein.
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