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Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Step 1: Understanding the muscular of the human body
The human skeletal muscular system is a complex network of muscles that provides the body with the ability to move, maintain posture, and perform various functions. Here’s a brief overview:
1. Muscle Types:
• Skeletal muscles: These are the muscles attached to the bones via tendons and are under voluntary control. They enable us to perform movements like walking, running, and lifting objects.
2. Structure:
• Skeletal muscles are composed of muscle fibers (muscle cells) bundled together. These fibers contain myofibrils, which are responsible for muscle contractions.
3. Functions:
• Movement: Skeletal muscles contract and relax to produce the diverse range of body movements.
• Posture: Muscles work continuously to keep the body in an upright position and maintain stability.
• Support: Muscles aid in supporting and protecting internal organs.
• Heat production: Muscle contractions generate heat, contributing to the body’s temperature regulation.
4. Control:
• Skeletal muscles are under conscious control and are regulated by the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).
5. Contractions:
• Muscles contract when stimulated by motor neurons, which transmit signals from the nervous system.
• Contraction occurs through the sliding filament theory, where actin and myosin filaments in muscle cells slide past each other, causing the muscle to shorten.
6. Type of muscle fibres:
• Skeletal muscles contain different types of muscle fibers, such as fast-twitch (for rapid, powerful movements) and slow-twitch (for sustained, endurance-related activities).
7. Muscle Groups:
• The body has over 600 skeletal muscles, organized into various groups, each with specific functions. These include muscles of the arms, legs, chest, back, and more.
8. Maintenance:
• Proper nutrition, exercise, and rest are essential for the health and maintenance of skeletal muscles.
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