10.4. A reaction of stoichiometry A+B=Y+Z is found to be second order in A and zero order in B. Suggest a mechanism that is consistent with this behavior.
10.4. A reaction of stoichiometry A+B=Y+Z is found to be second order in A and zero order in B. Suggest a mechanism that is consistent with this behavior.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### Chemical Reaction Mechanisms and Arrhenius Behavior
#### 10.4. A Reaction of Stoichiometry
**Equation:**
\[ A + B = Y + Z \]
- **Order of Reaction:** Second-order in A, zero-order in B.
- **Task:** Suggest a mechanism consistent with this behavior.
#### 10.5. Nonlinear Arrhenius Plot: Convex to 1/T Axis
- **Observation:** The rate of product formation shows a nonlinear Arrhenius plot, convex to the \(1/T\) axis, indicating higher activation energy at higher temperatures.
- **Hint:** Consider the possibility of two parallel reactions or two sequential reactions with different activation energies.
#### 10.6. Nonlinear Arrhenius Plot: Concave to 1/T Axis
- **Observation:** An Arrhenius plot concave to the \(1/T\) axis demonstrates lower activation energy at higher temperatures.
- **Task:** Suggest a reason for this behavior.
#### 10.7. Nitrogen Pentoxide and Nitric Oxide Reaction
**Stoichiometric Equation:**
\[ N_2O_5 + NO = 3NO_2 \]
- **Proposed Mechanism:**
1. \( N_2O_5 \rightarrow NO_2 + NO_3 \)
2. \( NO_2 + NO_3 \rightarrow N_2O_5 \)
3. \( NO + NO_3 \rightarrow 2NO_2 \)
- **Task:** Assume a steady-state treatment can be applied to \(NO_3\) and derive an equation for the rate of consumption of \(N_2O_5\).
#### Diagrams and Graphs Explanation
- **Arrhenius Plots:**
- Nonlinear Plot Convex to \(1/T\) Axis:
- Represents higher activation energy at elevated temperatures.
- Nonlinear Plot Concave to \(1/T\) Axis:
- Exhibits lower activation energy at elevated temperatures.
This detailed content should help students understand complex chemical reaction mechanisms and behaviors, particularly in relation to Arrhenius plots and reaction orders.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa50af9e4-75d3-4302-8305-ec9f1eb44db0%2Fac4fe138-d8e6-4436-aefa-18d3772d3841%2Fs9usa2_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Chemical Reaction Mechanisms and Arrhenius Behavior
#### 10.4. A Reaction of Stoichiometry
**Equation:**
\[ A + B = Y + Z \]
- **Order of Reaction:** Second-order in A, zero-order in B.
- **Task:** Suggest a mechanism consistent with this behavior.
#### 10.5. Nonlinear Arrhenius Plot: Convex to 1/T Axis
- **Observation:** The rate of product formation shows a nonlinear Arrhenius plot, convex to the \(1/T\) axis, indicating higher activation energy at higher temperatures.
- **Hint:** Consider the possibility of two parallel reactions or two sequential reactions with different activation energies.
#### 10.6. Nonlinear Arrhenius Plot: Concave to 1/T Axis
- **Observation:** An Arrhenius plot concave to the \(1/T\) axis demonstrates lower activation energy at higher temperatures.
- **Task:** Suggest a reason for this behavior.
#### 10.7. Nitrogen Pentoxide and Nitric Oxide Reaction
**Stoichiometric Equation:**
\[ N_2O_5 + NO = 3NO_2 \]
- **Proposed Mechanism:**
1. \( N_2O_5 \rightarrow NO_2 + NO_3 \)
2. \( NO_2 + NO_3 \rightarrow N_2O_5 \)
3. \( NO + NO_3 \rightarrow 2NO_2 \)
- **Task:** Assume a steady-state treatment can be applied to \(NO_3\) and derive an equation for the rate of consumption of \(N_2O_5\).
#### Diagrams and Graphs Explanation
- **Arrhenius Plots:**
- Nonlinear Plot Convex to \(1/T\) Axis:
- Represents higher activation energy at elevated temperatures.
- Nonlinear Plot Concave to \(1/T\) Axis:
- Exhibits lower activation energy at elevated temperatures.
This detailed content should help students understand complex chemical reaction mechanisms and behaviors, particularly in relation to Arrhenius plots and reaction orders.
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