10. A survey is conducted in Chicago (population 2,800,000) using random-digit-dialing equipment that places calls at random to residential phones, both listed and unlisted. The purpose of the survey is to determine the percentage of adults who would favor a half-cent increase in the sales tax to help fund public transportation. Four hundred adults are interviewed and 36% of them favor the proposal. A second survey is taken in Dayton, Ohio, (population 180,000) using the same techniques and asking the same question of 400 adults living in Dayton. a. For the Chicago survey, identify the population, the sampling frame, the sample, the variable measured, the parameter of interest, and the corresponding statistic. b. The margin of error of the Chicago survey will be A. greater than the margin of error of the Daytön survey. B. about the same as the margin of error of the Dayton survey. C. less than the margin of error of the Dayton survey. Pick one and explain briefly.

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**Educational Content: Understanding Survey Design and Error Margins**

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**Survey Example: Chicago and Dayton Surveys**

**10. Survey Design**

A survey is conducted in Chicago (population 2,800,000) using random-digit-dialing equipment that places calls at random to residential phones, both listed and unlisted. The aim is to determine the percentage of adults who would favor a half-cent increase in the sales tax to help fund public transportation. Four hundred adults are interviewed and 36% of them favor the proposal. A second survey is taken in Dayton, Ohio, (population 180,000) using the same techniques and asking the same question of 400 adults living in Dayton.

**Questions to Consider:**

a. For the Chicago survey, identify the following:
   - The population
   - The sampling frame
   - The sample
   - The variable measured
   - The parameter of interest
   - The corresponding statistic

b. Margin of Error Comparison:
   - A. Greater than the margin of error of the Dayton survey
   - B. About the same as the margin of error of the Dayton survey
   - C. Less than the margin of error of the Dayton survey

*Pick one and explain briefly.*

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**11. Non-Response Rate Concerns**

We should be wary of a poll that has a high non-response rate because:

A. Those who refused to respond may be different from those who participate.

B. The sampling frame must not have been representative of the population.

C. The margin of error will be very large.

D. The normal distribution would not be appropriate.

*Pick one and explain.*

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**12. Question Wording and Bias**

Suppose two polls are equally reliable but a poor question wording causes bias in one. True or False: The two polls will still have essentially the same margin of error.

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**13. Example: Gallup Poll on Religious Issues**

The Gallup Poll conducted interviews with a randomly selected group of 1017 Americans, 18 years and older, between May 8th and May 11th, 2008. It determined opinions on adult Americans on religious issues, concluding that 78% of Americans identified religious issues as important.

---

This educational content explores key concepts in survey design, addressing how population, sample, sampling frame, and statistic are defined and the implications of high non-response rates and potential biases.
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Content: Understanding Survey Design and Error Margins** --- **Survey Example: Chicago and Dayton Surveys** **10. Survey Design** A survey is conducted in Chicago (population 2,800,000) using random-digit-dialing equipment that places calls at random to residential phones, both listed and unlisted. The aim is to determine the percentage of adults who would favor a half-cent increase in the sales tax to help fund public transportation. Four hundred adults are interviewed and 36% of them favor the proposal. A second survey is taken in Dayton, Ohio, (population 180,000) using the same techniques and asking the same question of 400 adults living in Dayton. **Questions to Consider:** a. For the Chicago survey, identify the following: - The population - The sampling frame - The sample - The variable measured - The parameter of interest - The corresponding statistic b. Margin of Error Comparison: - A. Greater than the margin of error of the Dayton survey - B. About the same as the margin of error of the Dayton survey - C. Less than the margin of error of the Dayton survey *Pick one and explain briefly.* --- **11. Non-Response Rate Concerns** We should be wary of a poll that has a high non-response rate because: A. Those who refused to respond may be different from those who participate. B. The sampling frame must not have been representative of the population. C. The margin of error will be very large. D. The normal distribution would not be appropriate. *Pick one and explain.* --- **12. Question Wording and Bias** Suppose two polls are equally reliable but a poor question wording causes bias in one. True or False: The two polls will still have essentially the same margin of error. --- **13. Example: Gallup Poll on Religious Issues** The Gallup Poll conducted interviews with a randomly selected group of 1017 Americans, 18 years and older, between May 8th and May 11th, 2008. It determined opinions on adult Americans on religious issues, concluding that 78% of Americans identified religious issues as important. --- This educational content explores key concepts in survey design, addressing how population, sample, sampling frame, and statistic are defined and the implications of high non-response rates and potential biases.
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