10) Below is a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) plot for the Bray-Curtis (1-BCij) data presented in the matrix that is shown on page 5. However, two points are missing (i.e. one open circle for sample 2 and one closed square for sample 6). Draw these two points in the graph where you expect them to appear approximately, based on the Bray-Curtis data and your answers to the 1- BCij portion of question 9 (there is no calculation involved here, just logic). Describe your reasoning: PC2 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.1 -0.15 -0.2 -0.5 sample 1 O sample 3 0 PC1 sample 5 sample 4 0.5 o fungicide applied no fungicide
10) Below is a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) plot for the Bray-Curtis (1-BCij) data presented in the matrix that is shown on page 5. However, two points are missing (i.e. one open circle for sample 2 and one closed square for sample 6). Draw these two points in the graph where you expect them to appear approximately, based on the Bray-Curtis data and your answers to the 1- BCij portion of question 9 (there is no calculation involved here, just logic). Describe your reasoning: PC2 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.1 -0.15 -0.2 -0.5 sample 1 O sample 3 0 PC1 sample 5 sample 4 0.5 o fungicide applied no fungicide
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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can you help me solve question 10 please based on the data provided
![10) Below is a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) plot for the Bray-Curtis (1-BCij) data presented in
the matrix that is shown on page 5. However, two points are missing (i.e. one open circle for
sample 2 and one closed square for sample 6). Draw these two points in the graph where you
expect them to appear approximately, based on the Bray-Curtis data and your answers to the 1-
BCij portion of question 9 (there is no calculation involved here, just logic).
Describe your reasoning:
PC2
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.5
sample 1
O
sample 3
0
PC1
sample 5
sample 4
0.5
o fungicide applied
no fungicide](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa535256e-0857-4f61-a16c-a16363561f95%2F5087556f-d978-48e6-a68c-5ae4088c7757%2Fdbzt2c_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:10) Below is a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) plot for the Bray-Curtis (1-BCij) data presented in
the matrix that is shown on page 5. However, two points are missing (i.e. one open circle for
sample 2 and one closed square for sample 6). Draw these two points in the graph where you
expect them to appear approximately, based on the Bray-Curtis data and your answers to the 1-
BCij portion of question 9 (there is no calculation involved here, just logic).
Describe your reasoning:
PC2
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.5
sample 1
O
sample 3
0
PC1
sample 5
sample 4
0.5
o fungicide applied
no fungicide
![ree leaf samples (1-3) were taken from plants that received the fungicide; the other three
samples (4-6) were taken from plants that did not. Each one of the 600 sequences was assigned to
one of the 5 bins or 'species' (A through E) that you identified above. The table shows how many of
each species were found in each sample.
5) Now calculate for every sample the following two alpha-diversity values: A) species richness (S),
and B) Simpson's index of diversity (1-D), and enter them on the two lines below the table.
Some values of S and 1-D have been calculated for you already. Two formulas for D (not 1-D!)
are shown below the abundance table; you can use either one, but the pre-calculated values
were done using the formula on the right.
bin or 'species' sample 1 sample 2 sample 3 sample 4 sample 5 sample 6
A
42
27
10
4
1
0
B
15
32
36
29
21
30
с
51
54
D
0
24
E
3
0
40
4
4
D = (n/N)²
7
0
34
2
0
52
4
4
12
5 4
D=
Species richness (S):
Simpson's index 0.65 0.71 0.6 0.64 0.61 0.65
of diversity (1-D):
Σ n(n-1)
N(N-1)
45
n = the total number of organisms of a particular species
N = the total number of organisms of all species
3
0
25
****************
6) Based on the values of S for samples 1-3 and samples 4-6, would you a) reject or b) not reject
the null hypothesis ('application of fungicide had no effect on community structure'): ma](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa535256e-0857-4f61-a16c-a16363561f95%2F5087556f-d978-48e6-a68c-5ae4088c7757%2F91xalp_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:ree leaf samples (1-3) were taken from plants that received the fungicide; the other three
samples (4-6) were taken from plants that did not. Each one of the 600 sequences was assigned to
one of the 5 bins or 'species' (A through E) that you identified above. The table shows how many of
each species were found in each sample.
5) Now calculate for every sample the following two alpha-diversity values: A) species richness (S),
and B) Simpson's index of diversity (1-D), and enter them on the two lines below the table.
Some values of S and 1-D have been calculated for you already. Two formulas for D (not 1-D!)
are shown below the abundance table; you can use either one, but the pre-calculated values
were done using the formula on the right.
bin or 'species' sample 1 sample 2 sample 3 sample 4 sample 5 sample 6
A
42
27
10
4
1
0
B
15
32
36
29
21
30
с
51
54
D
0
24
E
3
0
40
4
4
D = (n/N)²
7
0
34
2
0
52
4
4
12
5 4
D=
Species richness (S):
Simpson's index 0.65 0.71 0.6 0.64 0.61 0.65
of diversity (1-D):
Σ n(n-1)
N(N-1)
45
n = the total number of organisms of a particular species
N = the total number of organisms of all species
3
0
25
****************
6) Based on the values of S for samples 1-3 and samples 4-6, would you a) reject or b) not reject
the null hypothesis ('application of fungicide had no effect on community structure'): ma
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