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1.60 Using Table 1.6, write a structural formula for each of the following: an ether, C4H₁0O a ketone, C3H₂O an ester, C5H10O2 a. an alcohol, C3H₂O c. an aldehyde, C3H6O e. a carboxylic acid, C3H₂O₂ b. d. f.

1.60 Using Table 1.6, write a structural formula for each of the following: an ether, C4H₁0O a ketone, C3H₂O an ester, C5H10O2 a. an alcohol, C3H₂O c. an aldehyde, C3H6O e. a carboxylic acid, C3H₂O₂ b. d. f.

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ISBN:9781305957404
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1.60 Using Table 1.6, write a structural formula for each of the following: a. an alcohol, C3H8O b. an ether, C4H₁0O d. a ketone, C3H₂O c. an aldehyde, C3H6O e. a carboxylic acid, C3H₂O₂ f. an ester, C5H100₂
Transcribed Image Text:1.60 Using Table 1.6, write a structural formula for each of the following: a. an alcohol, C3H8O b. an ether, C4H₁0O d. a ketone, C3H₂O c. an aldehyde, C3H6O e. a carboxylic acid, C3H₂O₂ f. an ester, C5H100₂
Table 1.6 The Main Functional Groups A. Functional groups that are a part of the molecular framework B. Functional groups containing oxygen 1. With carbon-oxygen single bonds Structure ----- C-C -C-OH ------- Class of compound alkane alkene alkyne arene alcohol ether Specific example CH3 CH3 . CH₂=CH₂ HC=CH CH3CH₂OH CH3CH₂OCH₂CH3 Common name of the specific example ethane, a component of natural gas ethylene, used to make polyethylene acetylene, used in welding benzene, raw material for polystyrene and phenol ethyl alcohol, found in beer, wines, and liquors diethyl ether, once a common anesthetic Table 1.6 continued 2. With carbon-oxygen double bonds* 3. With single and double carbon-oxygen bonds C. Functional groups containing nitrogen** D. Functional group with oxygen and nitrogen E. Functional group with halogen F. Functional groups containing sulfur Structure 0 H -C -OH 0 _0_c -NH₂ -C=N --- -X -—-—-—-₁-1- Class of compound aldehyde ketone carboxylic acid ester primary amine nitrile primary amide alkyl or aryl halide Specific example thiol (also called mercaptan) thioether (also called sulfide) CH₂=0 0 CH₂CCH3 CH₂C-OH 0 CH3C-OCH₂CH3 CH,CH,NH2 CH₂=CH-C=N H—CNH, CH3CI CH3SH (CH₂=CHCH₂)₂S Common name of the specific example formaldehyde, used to preserve biological specimens acetone, a solvent for varnish and rubber cement acetic acid, a component of vinegar ethyl acetate, a solvent for nail polish and model airplane glue ethylamine, smells like ammonia acrylonitrile, raw material for making Orlon formamide, a softener for paper methyl chloride, refrigerant and local anesthetic methanethiol, has the odor of rotten cabbage diallyl sulfide, has the odor of garlic *The C=0₁ =0 group, present in several functional groups, is called a carbonyl group. The-C-OH group of acids is called a carboxyl group (a contraction of carbonyl and hydroxy). **The-NH₂ group is called an amino group.pal Thiols and thioethers are the sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers.
Transcribed Image Text:Table 1.6 The Main Functional Groups A. Functional groups that are a part of the molecular framework B. Functional groups containing oxygen 1. With carbon-oxygen single bonds Structure ----- C-C -C-OH ------- Class of compound alkane alkene alkyne arene alcohol ether Specific example CH3 CH3 . CH₂=CH₂ HC=CH CH3CH₂OH CH3CH₂OCH₂CH3 Common name of the specific example ethane, a component of natural gas ethylene, used to make polyethylene acetylene, used in welding benzene, raw material for polystyrene and phenol ethyl alcohol, found in beer, wines, and liquors diethyl ether, once a common anesthetic Table 1.6 continued 2. With carbon-oxygen double bonds* 3. With single and double carbon-oxygen bonds C. Functional groups containing nitrogen** D. Functional group with oxygen and nitrogen E. Functional group with halogen F. Functional groups containing sulfur Structure 0 H -C -OH 0 _0_c -NH₂ -C=N --- -X -—-—-—-₁-1- Class of compound aldehyde ketone carboxylic acid ester primary amine nitrile primary amide alkyl or aryl halide Specific example thiol (also called mercaptan) thioether (also called sulfide) CH₂=0 0 CH₂CCH3 CH₂C-OH 0 CH3C-OCH₂CH3 CH,CH,NH2 CH₂=CH-C=N H—CNH, CH3CI CH3SH (CH₂=CHCH₂)₂S Common name of the specific example formaldehyde, used to preserve biological specimens acetone, a solvent for varnish and rubber cement acetic acid, a component of vinegar ethyl acetate, a solvent for nail polish and model airplane glue ethylamine, smells like ammonia acrylonitrile, raw material for making Orlon formamide, a softener for paper methyl chloride, refrigerant and local anesthetic methanethiol, has the odor of rotten cabbage diallyl sulfide, has the odor of garlic *The C=0₁ =0 group, present in several functional groups, is called a carbonyl group. The-C-OH group of acids is called a carboxyl group (a contraction of carbonyl and hydroxy). **The-NH₂ group is called an amino group.pal Thiols and thioethers are the sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers.
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