1.2.1 Explain main objectives of the Warsaw Pact. 1.2.2 List THREE countries that were originally part of the Warsaw Treaty Organisation. 1.2.3 In the context of the source above, explain what is meant by 'satellites'.
1.2.1 Explain main objectives of the Warsaw Pact. 1.2.2 List THREE countries that were originally part of the Warsaw Treaty Organisation. 1.2.3 In the context of the source above, explain what is meant by 'satellites'.
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1.2.1 Explain main objectives of the Warsaw Pact.
1.2.2 List THREE countries that were originally part of the
Warsaw Treaty Organisation.
1.2.3 In the context of the source above, explain what is
meant by 'satellites'.
Transcribed Image Text:SOURCE 1B
In the text below information is given about the Warsaw Pact.
Warsaw Pact, formally Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance,
established a mutual-defense organization (Warsaw Treaty Organization) composed originally
of the Soviet Union and Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland,
and Romania. The treaty (which was renewed on April 26, 1985) provided for a unified military
command and for the maintenance of Soviet military units on the territories of the other
participating states.
The immediate occasion for the Warsaw Pact was the Paris agreement among the Western
powers admitting West Germany to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The Warsaw Pact
was, however, the first step in a more systematic plan to strengthen the Soviet hold over its
satellites, a program undertaken by the Soviet leaders Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolay Bulganin
after their assumption of power early in 1955. The treaty also served as a lever to enhance the
bargaining position of the Soviet Union in international diplomacy, an inference (conclusion)
that may be drawn by the concluding article of the treaty, which stipulated that the Warsaw
agreement would lapse (expire) when a general East-West collective-security pact should come
into force.
The Warsaw Pact, particularly its provision for the garrisoning of Soviet troops in satellite
territory, became a target of nationalist hostility in Poland and Hungary during the uprisings in
those two countries in 1956. The Soviet Union invoked the treaty when it decided to move
Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia in August 1968 to bring the Czechoslovak regime
back into the fold after it had begun lifting restraints on freedom of expression and had sought
closer relations with the West.
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The Soviet Union and seven of its European satellites sign a contract forming the Warsaw Pact, a mutual defence arrangement in which the Soviets command the member governments' military forces. The Warsaw Pact which is formally known as Treaty of Friendship, the Cooperation, and the Mutual Assistance, was established on the 14 May 1955, immediately following the West Germany's entrance to the Alliance. It supplemented the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, which was established in January 1949 by the Soviet Union for the communist governments of Central and Eastern Europe.
The Warsaw Pact represented the Eastern bloc, whilst NATO and its member countries represented the Western bloc.
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