1. Write the overall reaction for our esterification reaction, and its mechanism. 2. Using the "rule of six", predict the solubilities in water of benzoic acid, methanol, and methyl benzoate. 3. If the 4.0 g of benzoic acid used in this reaction is limiting, what mass of methyl benzoate is predicted to be formed if you achieve 100% yield? Show your calculation. In this lab, we will produce and ester from benzoic acid and methanol. The process, called Fischer esterification, involves heating the acid with the alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. The mechanism (illustrated for butanoic acid and ethanol) is shown below. H 0- OH + H3O+ Materials Chem kit Heating mantle Rubber tubing Beakers + "H" Reagents Benzoic acid Ring stands Ring 50mL graduated cylinder High temperature thermometer PT PT Methanol Sulfuric acid Saturated sodium chloride solution 10% sodium bicarbonate solution H- H-0* + H₂O OH AdN Ев OH PT H
1. Write the overall reaction for our esterification reaction, and its mechanism. 2. Using the "rule of six", predict the solubilities in water of benzoic acid, methanol, and methyl benzoate. 3. If the 4.0 g of benzoic acid used in this reaction is limiting, what mass of methyl benzoate is predicted to be formed if you achieve 100% yield? Show your calculation. In this lab, we will produce and ester from benzoic acid and methanol. The process, called Fischer esterification, involves heating the acid with the alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. The mechanism (illustrated for butanoic acid and ethanol) is shown below. H 0- OH + H3O+ Materials Chem kit Heating mantle Rubber tubing Beakers + "H" Reagents Benzoic acid Ring stands Ring 50mL graduated cylinder High temperature thermometer PT PT Methanol Sulfuric acid Saturated sodium chloride solution 10% sodium bicarbonate solution H- H-0* + H₂O OH AdN Ев OH PT H
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
1.
a. Write the overall reaction for our esterification reaction, and its mechanism.
b. Using the “rule of six”, predict the solubilities in water of benzoic acid, methanol, and
methyl benzoate.
c. If the 4.0 g of benzoic acid used in this reaction is limiting, what mass of methyl benzoate
is predicted to be formed if you achieve 100% yield? Show your calculation
Transcribed Image Text:### Esterification Reaction Lab
#### Objectives:
1. **Write the overall reaction** for our esterification reaction, and its mechanism.
2. **Predict solubilities** in water of benzoic acid, methanol, and methyl benzoate using the "rule of six".
3. **Calculate the mass of methyl benzoate** if 4.0 g of benzoic acid is limiting and achieves 100% yield.
#### Introduction:
In this lab, we will produce an ester from benzoic acid and methanol through a process called Fischer esterification. This involves heating the acid with alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst.
#### Reaction Mechanism:
The mechanism shown involves the esterification of butanoic acid and ethanol as an example. Here's a detailed explanation of each step:
- **Proton Transfer (PT):** The carboxyl oxygen of the acid molecule accepts a proton from the catalyst.
- **Addition (AdN):** Nucleophilic addition occurs, forming an alkoxide intermediate.
- **Proton Transfer (PT) and Elimination (E1):** A proton is transferred, and water is eliminated.
- **Equilibrium (Eb):** Establishes equilibrium with the formation of the ester.
#### Materials:
- Chem kit
- Heating mantle
- Rubber tubing
- Beakers
- Ring stands
- Ring
- 50mL graduated cylinder
- High-temperature thermometer
#### Reagents:
- Benzoic acid
- Methanol
- Sulfuric acid
- Saturated sodium chloride solution
- 10% sodium bicarbonate solution
This lab explores the practical application of organic chemistry principles through esterification, focusing on reaction mechanisms and solubility prediction.
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