1. Why do you think we avoid writing the minus sign (-) in chemical equations? 2. What does CO3²- have to do with ocean acidification? Explain the chemical reactions completely. 3. One of the harmful oxidants in the body is the neutral OH• molecule. It has 7 total valence electrons, and unlike the OH- ion, it has no charge. Draw the Lewis structure of a regular OH- ion, then draw the Lewis structure of OH• and use this to show why OH• has very high energy, and a high tendency to oxidize the biomolecules inside our cells. (Recall what you learned from modules 2 and 3.) 4. If I weigh 40 kg, what is my molar mass? In other words, if we made trillions and trillions of my clones to make 1 mole of me, what would be our mass all together? Show your solution with units. 5. When coal is burned, sulfur impurities in the coal react with oxygen gas to form sulfur trioxide:
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
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