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1. What phase changes will take place when water is subjected to varying pressure at a constant temperature of a) 0.005 °C b) At 40 °C c) At –40 °C? Critical point 22,089 Water Ice (liquid) (solid) 101 Triple I point 0.6 Water vapor (gas) 0 0.01 100 374 Temperature (°C) Pressure (kPa)

1. What phase changes will take place when water is subjected to varying pressure at a constant temperature of a) 0.005 °C b) At 40 °C c) At –40 °C? Critical point 22,089 Water Ice (liquid) (solid) 101 Triple I point 0.6 Water vapor (gas) 0 0.01 100 374 Temperature (°C) Pressure (kPa)

Chemistry
Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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1. What phase changes will take place when water is subjected to varying pressure at a constant temperature of a) 0.005 °C b) At 40 °C c) At –40 °C? Critical point 22,089 Water Ice (liquid) (solid) 101 Triple I point 0.6 Water vapor (gas) 0 0.01 100 374 Temperature (°C) Pressure (kPa)
Transcribed Image Text:1. What phase changes will take place when water is subjected to varying pressure at a constant temperature of a) 0.005 °C b) At 40 °C c) At –40 °C? Critical point 22,089 Water Ice (liquid) (solid) 101 Triple I point 0.6 Water vapor (gas) 0 0.01 100 374 Temperature (°C) Pressure (kPa)
Two components system containing liquid The Gibbs phase rule Consider a one component system composed of a liquid phases with particular volume. Using the phase rule: F = 1 -1+2= 2 (the C = 2 P = 1 at least F = C – P + 2 F = 3 (at most) maximum number of degree of freedom for one component system) Only two independent variables are required to define the system (temperature pressure) Three variables are required: temperature, composition CRITICAL POINT pressure and SOLID LIQUID If the pressure is fixed: VAPOR C = 2 F = C – P + 1 TRIPLE POINT P = 1 at least F = 2 (at most) %3D TEMPERATURE and Only composition are required. temperature and The Gibbs phase rule The Gibbs phase rule is expressed as follows: F = C – P + 2 where: F is the number of degrees of freedom of the system which is the least number of intensive variables required to define the system completely. C - number of components P - number of phases present PRESSURE
Transcribed Image Text:Two components system containing liquid The Gibbs phase rule Consider a one component system composed of a liquid phases with particular volume. Using the phase rule: F = 1 -1+2= 2 (the C = 2 P = 1 at least F = C – P + 2 F = 3 (at most) maximum number of degree of freedom for one component system) Only two independent variables are required to define the system (temperature pressure) Three variables are required: temperature, composition CRITICAL POINT pressure and SOLID LIQUID If the pressure is fixed: VAPOR C = 2 F = C – P + 1 TRIPLE POINT P = 1 at least F = 2 (at most) %3D TEMPERATURE and Only composition are required. temperature and The Gibbs phase rule The Gibbs phase rule is expressed as follows: F = C – P + 2 where: F is the number of degrees of freedom of the system which is the least number of intensive variables required to define the system completely. C - number of components P - number of phases present PRESSURE
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