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1. What are the two ways of finding the age of a fossil? 2. Describe how relative dating works. 3. What does absolute dating do?

1. What are the two ways of finding the age of a fossil? 2. Describe how relative dating works. 3. What does absolute dating do?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**Paleontology - The Fossil Record** Scientists use the age of fossils as evidence for evolution. There are two ways of dating fossils: Relative dating and absolute dating. Relative dating uses a fossil’s location in rock layers to determine that fossil’s approximate age. Fossils found deeper in the ground are usually the oldest. Using the chart to the right, a paleontologist can therefore know that a fossil found in layer 1 at the dig site is older than a fossil found at layer 6, for example, by relative dating. Absolute dating determines the fossil’s actual age by measuring the amount of an element called carbon 14 in the fossil. There is a mathematical formula that will calculate the rate of decay of this element. By measuring the carbon-14 levels and plugging it into the math formula, the scientist can know an actual number of years old a fossil is. 1. What are the two ways of finding the age of a fossil? ______________________________________________________________________. 2. Describe how relative dating works. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________. 3. What does absolute dating do? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________. **Explanation of Diagram:** The diagram illustrates a cross-section of rock layers labeled 1 through 7. Layer 1 is the deepest and contains the oldest fossils, while layer 7 is the closest to the surface and contains the youngest fossils. The diagram shows various fossilized marine life such as shells and trilobites, demonstrating how fossils can be identified and dated relatively based on their position in these layers.
Transcribed Image Text:**Paleontology - The Fossil Record** Scientists use the age of fossils as evidence for evolution. There are two ways of dating fossils: Relative dating and absolute dating. Relative dating uses a fossil’s location in rock layers to determine that fossil’s approximate age. Fossils found deeper in the ground are usually the oldest. Using the chart to the right, a paleontologist can therefore know that a fossil found in layer 1 at the dig site is older than a fossil found at layer 6, for example, by relative dating. Absolute dating determines the fossil’s actual age by measuring the amount of an element called carbon 14 in the fossil. There is a mathematical formula that will calculate the rate of decay of this element. By measuring the carbon-14 levels and plugging it into the math formula, the scientist can know an actual number of years old a fossil is. 1. What are the two ways of finding the age of a fossil? ______________________________________________________________________. 2. Describe how relative dating works. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________. 3. What does absolute dating do? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________. **Explanation of Diagram:** The diagram illustrates a cross-section of rock layers labeled 1 through 7. Layer 1 is the deepest and contains the oldest fossils, while layer 7 is the closest to the surface and contains the youngest fossils. The diagram shows various fossilized marine life such as shells and trilobites, demonstrating how fossils can be identified and dated relatively based on their position in these layers.
**4. Why is the element carbon-14 important for paleontologists?** _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ **Developmental Biology - Embryology** Many scientists use what an organism looks like as an embryo, or embryology, as evidence for evolution. The embryos of most vertebrates look very similar and have similar structures. For example, fish, bird, rabbit, and human embryos are similar in appearance in early stages. They all have gill slits and a tail with muscles to move it. Later as the embryos develop, they become less and less similar. **5. What does the study of embryology show when comparing most vertebrates?** _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ **Diagram Description:** The diagram illustrates the development of embryos from different vertebrate species: chick, pig, calf, rabbit, and human. It shows three stages of embryonic development: - **Early Stage:** All embryos look quite similar with pronounced head structures. - **Middle Stage:** Differences among species start to appear, but similarities remain in body structure. - **Late Stage:** Embryos become more distinct and exhibit features unique to each species. An arrow labeled "Early" at the top and "Late" at the bottom indicates the progression from early to late stages of development.
Transcribed Image Text:**4. Why is the element carbon-14 important for paleontologists?** _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ **Developmental Biology - Embryology** Many scientists use what an organism looks like as an embryo, or embryology, as evidence for evolution. The embryos of most vertebrates look very similar and have similar structures. For example, fish, bird, rabbit, and human embryos are similar in appearance in early stages. They all have gill slits and a tail with muscles to move it. Later as the embryos develop, they become less and less similar. **5. What does the study of embryology show when comparing most vertebrates?** _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ **Diagram Description:** The diagram illustrates the development of embryos from different vertebrate species: chick, pig, calf, rabbit, and human. It shows three stages of embryonic development: - **Early Stage:** All embryos look quite similar with pronounced head structures. - **Middle Stage:** Differences among species start to appear, but similarities remain in body structure. - **Late Stage:** Embryos become more distinct and exhibit features unique to each species. An arrow labeled "Early" at the top and "Late" at the bottom indicates the progression from early to late stages of development.
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