Answered: 1. What are the major steps in urine…

1. What are the major steps in urine formation in a nephron? 2. Describe the important processes involved in gamete formation in testes and ovaries. What are the major differences between the two?

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

15th Edition

ISBN:9781337408332

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter40: Maintaining The Internal Environment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8SQ: Match each .structure with a function. _____ ureter a. start of nephron _____ Bowmans capsule b....

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1. What are the major steps in urine formation in a nephron?

2. Describe the important processes involved in gamete formation in testes and ovaries. What are the major differences between the two?

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7. Which is the correct order of filtering of the blood & urine formation? I. Urine is stored in the bladder II. Blood enters the afferent arteriole III. Fluid passes from the glomerulus into the Bowman’s capsule IV. Urine is excreted by the urethra V. Ions, glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed back into the blood VI. Urine passes from the kidneys to the ureters.;
1. Describe the sequence of structures through which a drop of urine passes from the time it flows from the nephron until it reaches the urinary bladder. At which point is the the majority of water reabsorbed? At which point(s) is sodium reabsorbed? Where does ADH and aldosterone exert their actions? 2. Describe oogenesis and follicular development. 3. State the production sites and pregnancy-related functions of human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone, estrogens, and relaxin. 4. Describe the female uterine (menstrual) cycle. What happens during the menstrual, preovulatory, ovulation, and postovulatory phases and what are the levels of hormones during these phases?
1. Begin in the blood vessel entering the kidney (renal artery), trace a molecule of water as it travels to nephron, gets filtered and processed into urine, and exits the body. 2a. Describe the involuntary micturition reflex (e.g. infant). b. What are the suspected mechanisms of voluntary control of urination?
1.Begin in the blood vessel entering the kidney (renal artery), trace a molecule of water as it travels to nephron, gets filtered and processed into urine, and exits the body. 2a. Describe the involuntary micturition reflex (e.g. infant). b.What are the suspected mechanisms of voluntary control of urination?
9. What are the pigments usually in urine? How are these pigments formed?
1. Which of the following is TRUE of urethra? a. The entire urethra is composed of stratified squamous epithelium b. The female urethra plays a role in reproductive system, whereas male urethra does not c. In male, the prostatic urethra is the longest portion d. The extrenal urethral sphincter contains skeletal muscle e. Male urethra is 1.5 longer than female urethra 2. Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the renal cortex. As the body responds, antigen-antibody complexes accumulate between the foot processes of podocytes. This will cause the rate of filtration to ______ a. Increase b. Decrease c. Stay the same 3. As the volume of urine within the bladded exceeds to 200mL, the smooth muscle tension generated by the internal urethral sphincter will ________ a. Increase b. Decrease c. Stay the same
1. What are the three functions of the nephron? o Where within the nephron do each of the above functions occur? Be sure to indicate if any of these functions occur only, or to a higher degree, within a specific region of the nephron.
5. Shortly after you drink a large glass of water, you will feel the urge to urinate. Explain this observation. Begin by tracing the path of water, starting at the stomach, and ending with the arrival of urine in the bladder.
3. Name the two types of nephrons found in a human kidney and you see on the kidney plaque. Describe their role in water regulation. a. b. 4. Name the two sets of capillaries that are part of the portal system found in the kidneys? What is their specific role in urine formation? a. b. B. Histology of the urinary system 1. Label the components of a nephron that you can see in the kidney: renal corpuscle, tubule, capsular space, glomerulus, parictal wall of glomerular capsule 100X 400X 2. For each of the following parts of the nephrons list the specific step of the urine formation that takes place at the site. Part of the nephron Glomerular capsule Step of urine formation Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule Collecting duct 126
6. Cortex of the kidney contains the following structures except: a. proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) b. distal convoluted tubule (DCT) c. renal corpuscle d. thin segment of loop of Henle 7. The PCT can be identified in histological section by the presence of: a. acidophilic cytoplasm of the lining cuboidal cells b. basophilic cytoplasm of the lining cuboidal cells c. pale staining cytoplasm d. a large lumen 8. Macula densa is present in: a. PCT b. DCT c. afferent arteriole d. efferent arteriole
4. How does the female urethra differ from the male urethra?
8. What is the normal value of creatinine? How does creatinine become a component of urine? Why is the value of creatinine used to diagnose renal failure?