I1. The region labeled 1 on the linear sweep voltammetry polarization curvepictured below corresponds toCurrent Density (μA/cm²)Ecorr(a) primary passivation.(b) transpassive dissolution.(c) active dissolution.(d) active-passive transition.0.120.61.1Voltage (VSHE)1.6

In a linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) experiment, the polarization curve serves as a visual representation of the connection between the applied potential (voltage) and the resultant current density on an electrode. This graphical representation offers valuable insights into the electrochemical behavior of materials, especially metals, in a given electrochemical setting. The active-passive transition region holds particular significance within this curve. The region labeled 1 on the linear sweep voltammetry polarization curve pictured below corresponds to- (d) active-passive transition. This region is defined by a gradual rise in current density as the applied potential becomes more positive. It is labelled as "active-passive transition" because during this phase, the metal surface commences the formation of a protective oxide layer. However, this oxide layer has not yet reached the required thickness to completely halt metal dissolution. A,ss to completely halt metal dissolution. As a result, the metal's reactivity diminishes, and the current density experiences a relatively gradual increase with increasingly positive potential. This transition marks the initiation of passivation, a process where the metal's surface gets coated with a protective film, often an oxide or passive layer, serving as a barrier against further corrosion.Primary Passivation (Option a): Primary passivation occurs at lower potentials compared to the active-passive transition region. In this phase, a protective oxide layer begins to form on the metal surface, resulting in a significantly lower current density when compared to the active-passive transition. Primary passivation represents the initial stage of passivation where the protective layer is in its early development.Transpassive Dissolution (Option b): Transpassive dissolution takes place at higher potentials than the active-passive transition region. In this domain, the current density experiences a rapid increase as the potential becomes more positive. This occurs due to the destabilization or penetration of the protective oxide layer formed on the metal surface. The term "transpassive" signifies that the dissolution rate surpasses the typical activity observed in the active state.Active Dissolution (Option c): Active dissolution encompasses the region lower in potential than the primary passivation phase. In this scenario, the metal surface is in its most reactive state, and the current density increases linearly with the increase in potential. Active dissolution reflects the behavior of the metal in an environment where no protective oxide layer forms, allowing unchecked metal corrosion. The correct option for the region labeled "1" on the polarization curve is (d) "active-passive transition." Other options were accurately explained as well, highlighting different stages in the electrochemical behavior of metals. Understanding these regions and their characteristics is essential for analyzing the electrochemical behavior of materials, particularly metals, and predicting their corrosion resistance.

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1. The region labeled 1 on the linear sweep voltammetry polarization curve pictured below corresponds to Current Density (μA/cm²) 8 10¹ Ecorr (a) primary passivation. (b) transpassive dissolution. (c) active dissolution. (d) active-passive transition. 0.1 2 0.6 1.1 Voltage (VSHE) 3 1.6

1. The region labeled 1 on the linear sweep voltammetry polarization curve pictured below corresponds to Current Density (μA/cm²) 8 10¹ Ecorr (a) primary passivation. (b) transpassive dissolution. (c) active dissolution. (d) active-passive transition. 0.1 2 0.6 1.1 Voltage (VSHE) 3 1.6

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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