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1. The process of meiosis starts with one chromosome) and ends with four cells that are chromosome). cell (has two copies of each _ (contain one copy of each 2. Are the cells produced at the end of meiosis the same or different from the parent cell? Explain. 3. What are the major differences between mitosis and meiosis?

1. The process of meiosis starts with one chromosome) and ends with four cells that are chromosome). cell (has two copies of each _ (contain one copy of each 2. Are the cells produced at the end of meiosis the same or different from the parent cell? Explain. 3. What are the major differences between mitosis and meiosis?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Within the blank cells, draw the phases of meiosis using 3 chromosome pairs.

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### The Stages of Meiosis Meiosis is a special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotic organisms. It consists of two consecutive cell divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. Below are the detailed stages of meiosis, illustrated by a series of diagrams representing the structural changes in the cells. #### Meiosis I 1. **Prophase I:** - The first stage of meiosis I where homologous chromosomes pair and exchange segments (crossing-over) occurs. - Diagram Description: The cells are depicted as circular structures. 2. **Metaphase I:** - Homologous chromosomes align along the center of the cell. - Diagram Description: The circular structures show chromosomes aligned in the center. 3. **Anaphase I:** - Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. - Diagram Description: The cells take an oval shape indicating the movement of chromosomes to each end. 4. **Telophase I:** - The chromosomes reach the poles of the cell and the cell begins to divide. - Diagram Description: The cells appear to be in the process of forming two new cells. 5. **Cytokinesis:** - The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells. - Diagram Description: Two separate circular cells indicate the completion of cell division. #### Meiosis II 6. **Prophase II:** - The first stage in the second division where chromosomes become visible again. - Diagram Description: Two separate circular cells show chromosome reformation. 7. **Metaphase II:** - Chromosomes align along the center of each of the two cells. - Diagram Description: Two circular cells with chromosomes aligned in the center. 8. **Anaphase II:** - Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of each cell. - Diagram Description: The cells are shown in an oval shape again, depicting the movement of chromatids to each end. These diagrams illustrate the dynamic and crucial process of meiosis, which ensures genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. Understanding each stage helps in comprehending how organisms maintain their chromosomal integrity and promote variation in their offspring.
Transcribed Image Text:### The Stages of Meiosis Meiosis is a special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotic organisms. It consists of two consecutive cell divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. Below are the detailed stages of meiosis, illustrated by a series of diagrams representing the structural changes in the cells. #### Meiosis I 1. **Prophase I:** - The first stage of meiosis I where homologous chromosomes pair and exchange segments (crossing-over) occurs. - Diagram Description: The cells are depicted as circular structures. 2. **Metaphase I:** - Homologous chromosomes align along the center of the cell. - Diagram Description: The circular structures show chromosomes aligned in the center. 3. **Anaphase I:** - Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. - Diagram Description: The cells take an oval shape indicating the movement of chromosomes to each end. 4. **Telophase I:** - The chromosomes reach the poles of the cell and the cell begins to divide. - Diagram Description: The cells appear to be in the process of forming two new cells. 5. **Cytokinesis:** - The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells. - Diagram Description: Two separate circular cells indicate the completion of cell division. #### Meiosis II 6. **Prophase II:** - The first stage in the second division where chromosomes become visible again. - Diagram Description: Two separate circular cells show chromosome reformation. 7. **Metaphase II:** - Chromosomes align along the center of each of the two cells. - Diagram Description: Two circular cells with chromosomes aligned in the center. 8. **Anaphase II:** - Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of each cell. - Diagram Description: The cells are shown in an oval shape again, depicting the movement of chromatids to each end. These diagrams illustrate the dynamic and crucial process of meiosis, which ensures genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. Understanding each stage helps in comprehending how organisms maintain their chromosomal integrity and promote variation in their offspring.
**Educational Website Transcription: Understanding Meiosis** **Telophase II and Cytokinesis Diagrams:** The diagram on the left shows the process of Telophase II, where two connected cells appear as overlapping circles, transitioning to separate individual cells. The diagram on the right represents Cytokinesis, illustrating the four separate cells formed after division. 1. The process of meiosis starts with one _______________ cell (has two copies of each chromosome) and ends with four cells that are _______________ (contain one copy of each chromosome). 2. Are the cells produced at the end of meiosis the same or different from the parent cell? Explain. 3. What are the major differences between mitosis and meiosis? **Explanation of Diagrams:** - **Telophase II:** This phase involves the division of a cell into two new cells. Each cell contains half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. - **Cytokinesis:** This is the final step of cell division where the cytoplasm of a parental cell is divided into four daughter cells, each containing one copy of each chromosome. This transcription aims to provide a detailed understanding of the meiosis process, illustrating key stages through diagrams and reinforcing learning through interactive questions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Website Transcription: Understanding Meiosis** **Telophase II and Cytokinesis Diagrams:** The diagram on the left shows the process of Telophase II, where two connected cells appear as overlapping circles, transitioning to separate individual cells. The diagram on the right represents Cytokinesis, illustrating the four separate cells formed after division. 1. The process of meiosis starts with one _______________ cell (has two copies of each chromosome) and ends with four cells that are _______________ (contain one copy of each chromosome). 2. Are the cells produced at the end of meiosis the same or different from the parent cell? Explain. 3. What are the major differences between mitosis and meiosis? **Explanation of Diagrams:** - **Telophase II:** This phase involves the division of a cell into two new cells. Each cell contains half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. - **Cytokinesis:** This is the final step of cell division where the cytoplasm of a parental cell is divided into four daughter cells, each containing one copy of each chromosome. This transcription aims to provide a detailed understanding of the meiosis process, illustrating key stages through diagrams and reinforcing learning through interactive questions.
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