1. List and describe the divisions of the nervous system. 2. Describe the structure of a neuron and explain the function of each component.
1. List and describe the divisions of the nervous system. 2. Describe the structure of a neuron and explain the function of each component.
Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN:9780134477961
Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Publisher:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Chapter1: The Science Of Psychology
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1TY
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Question
1. List and describe the divisions of the nervous system.
2. Describe the structure of a neuron and explain the function of each component.
Expert Solution
Divisions of Nervous System
The nervous system is divided into two parts: Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System
The Central Nervous System is further divided into two parts: Brain and Spinal Cord
Brain:
- Average human adult brain weighs approximately 1.3 to 1.4 kg.
- Brain contains nerve cells and support cells called glia.
- Brain contains approximately 86 Billion nerve cells and trillions of glia.
- Brain is further divided into Hindbrain, Midbrain and Forebrain.
Spinal Cord:
- Spinal cord is a long structure attached to the hindbrain.
- It is about 43-45 cm long and weighs about 35-40 g.
- The spinal cord is positioned inside vertebral column or back bone.
Peripheral Nervous System
The peripheral nervous system is further classified into Somatic Nervous System and Autonomic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System:
- The somatic nervous system consists fibers that send sensory information from different body parts to brain and spinal cord and brain.
- The motor nerve fibers in the somatic nervous system bring back the information from central nervous system to the skeletal muscle.
Autonomic Nervous System:
- The autonomic nervous system is further divided into sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system and enteric nervous system.
- The autonomic nervous system controls the smooth muscles and glands and works with the involuntary functions of the body like respiration, cardiac functions, etc.
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