1. Know the location, structure, and function of the organs that form the respiratory passageways including: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli
1. Know the location, structure, and function of the organs that form the respiratory passageways including: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli
2. Which structure closes off the larynx when we swallow food or liquid?
3. What structural features of the trachea keep it from collapsing, but also allow it to expand and contract?
4. What structural changes occur in bronchi/bronchioles as the branch into the lungs?
5. What are the three types of cells found in alveoli and what are their functions?
6. Describe the structure and function of the pleurae and pleural fluid.
7. Differentiate between pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, gas transport, and internal respiration.
8. How do pressure differences drive pulmonary ventilation?
9. What causes intrapulmonary (intra alveolar) pressure to decrease during inspiration?
10. What causes negative pressure in the pleural cavity?
11. What happens to a lung if air enters the pleural cavity? What is this called?
12. Define the four respiratory volumes and four respiratory capacities.
13. Explain how partial pressure of gases are important in gas exchange.
14. Apply your understanding of partial pressures of gases to explain gas exchange in the alveoli and at body tissues.
15. How are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in blood?
16. Discuss mechanisms that control respiration.
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