1. How is a food chain different from a food web? 2. Why is transfer of energy in an ecosystem referred to as energy flow, not energy cycling? 3. Explain the single greatest threat to species biodiversity today, citing 2 examples. 4. Identify four derived characters that all chordates have at some point in their life. 5. Is it accurate to define homeostasis as a constant internal environment? Explain. 6. Distinguish the overall structure of a gastrovascular cavity from that of an alimentary canal. 7. Which division of the autonomic nervous system would likely be activated if a student learned that an exam, they had forgotten about would start in 5 minutes? Explain. 8. Explain why a physician might order a white blood cell count for a patient with symptoms of an infection. 9. Why is an internal location for gas exchange tissues advantageous for terrestrial animals?

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Energy Flow

Energy flow is the continuous and directional flow of energy through living beings within an ecosystem. All living beings can be segregated into producers and consumers. These producers and consumers can be further divided in a food chain. The term ‘trophic level’ is assigned to each level of the food chain.