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1. Figure 1 below represents a person holding a 12 kg box in their hands in front of their body in a lifting position. The box is held at a horizontal distance of 30 cm from the vertical plane passing through the L5/S1 disc in the lower back. The weight of the person's upper body is 43 kg acting at a center of mass that is 15 cm apart from the L5/S1 disc in the horizontal direction. The lower- back muscle bundle involved in the lift is 5 cm in thickness. Figure 2 represents the same person holding the same box, except at a further distance away from their body at 40 cm. Additionally, the center of mass of their upper body has shifted to 18 cm from the vertical through the L5/Sl disc.

1. Figure 1 below represents a person holding a 12 kg box in their hands in front of their body in a lifting position. The box is held at a horizontal distance of 30 cm from the vertical plane passing through the L5/S1 disc in the lower back. The weight of the person's upper body is 43 kg acting at a center of mass that is 15 cm apart from the L5/S1 disc in the horizontal direction. The lower- back muscle bundle involved in the lift is 5 cm in thickness. Figure 2 represents the same person holding the same box, except at a further distance away from their body at 40 cm. Additionally, the center of mass of their upper body has shifted to 18 cm from the vertical through the L5/Sl disc.

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
ChapterMA: Math Assessment
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1MA
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**Problem Statement:** 1. **Lifting Analysis** - **Figure 1**: A person holds a 12 kg box in front of their body in a lifting position. The box is positioned 30 cm in front of the vertical plane passing through the L5/S1 disc in the lower back. The upper body weight is 43 kg, centered 15 cm from the L5/S1 disc horizontally. The lower-back muscle bundle used in the lift is 5 cm thick. - **Figure 2**: The same person holds the box 40 cm away from their body. The upper body's center of mass is now 18 cm from the vertical through the L5/S1 disc. **Diagrams Description:** - Both diagrams illustrate a person in a squatting position holding a box labeled "12 kg." - **Figure 1** shows the distances from the L5/S1 disc to the box (30 cm) and to the upper body center of mass (15 cm). - **Figure 2** shows increased distances: 40 cm to the box and 18 cm to the upper body center of mass. **Tasks:** A) Draw and analyze free-body diagrams to represent forces and moments for Figures 1 and 2. B) Calculate the forces on the lower back in each scenario, showing the moment equation for both. Identify the safer position for the lower back. C) Explain the vulnerability of lower back muscles, particularly near the L5/S1 disc, to injuries from lifting.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:** 1. **Lifting Analysis** - **Figure 1**: A person holds a 12 kg box in front of their body in a lifting position. The box is positioned 30 cm in front of the vertical plane passing through the L5/S1 disc in the lower back. The upper body weight is 43 kg, centered 15 cm from the L5/S1 disc horizontally. The lower-back muscle bundle used in the lift is 5 cm thick. - **Figure 2**: The same person holds the box 40 cm away from their body. The upper body's center of mass is now 18 cm from the vertical through the L5/S1 disc. **Diagrams Description:** - Both diagrams illustrate a person in a squatting position holding a box labeled "12 kg." - **Figure 1** shows the distances from the L5/S1 disc to the box (30 cm) and to the upper body center of mass (15 cm). - **Figure 2** shows increased distances: 40 cm to the box and 18 cm to the upper body center of mass. **Tasks:** A) Draw and analyze free-body diagrams to represent forces and moments for Figures 1 and 2. B) Calculate the forces on the lower back in each scenario, showing the moment equation for both. Identify the safer position for the lower back. C) Explain the vulnerability of lower back muscles, particularly near the L5/S1 disc, to injuries from lifting.
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