1. Can you give other examples of sex-limited traits in animals? Table 5. Expression of Pattern Baldness in Humans Male Genotypes Male Phenotypes Male bald xByb Male bald Male nonbald Female Genotypes Female Phenotypes X»X® xBxb Female bald Female nonbald Female nonbald Source: Functional Biology Modular Approach, Second edition 2. Predict the genotypic and phenotypic ratios in the offspring if the mother is bald and the father is not bald. Perform a cross using a Punnett square. 3. In what way are sex-limited and sex-influenced characters similar? 4. What is the main difference between sex-limited and sex-influenced traits?

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Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.

Quantitative Genetics

Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.