1. As the electromagnetic radiation interacts with atoms and molecules, the radiation beam acts like a stream of energy particles referred to as a. Photons or light quanta b. Ultraviolet rays c. X-rays d. Radioactive decay 2. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT? a. Photoelectric emission does not occur below the threshold frequency. b. The photoelectric current increases with the frequency of incident light. c. Threshold frequency does not depend on the metal used. d. The emission of photoelectrons is an instantaneous process. 3. The phenomenon of photoelectric effect is. a. Adiabatic process b. Instantaneous process c. Isothermal process d. Spontaneous process 4. Consider an atom in the neutral state. If an electron falls closer to the nucleus, its potential energy - a. Decreases b. Increases 5. Whenever an isolated atom falls from a higher energy level to a lower level, an amount of energy is released from the electron, resulting in the emission of a c. becomes neutral d. none of the choices a. Proton b. Neutron c. electron d. photon
Quantum mechanics and hydrogen atom
Consider an electron of mass m moves with the velocity v in a hydrogen atom. If an electron is at a distance r from the proton, then the potential energy function of the electron can be written as follows:
Isotopes of Hydrogen Atoms
To understand isotopes, it's easiest to learn the simplest system. Hydrogen, the most basic nucleus, has received a great deal of attention. Several of the results seen in more complex nuclei can be seen in hydrogen isotopes. An isotope is a nucleus of the same atomic number (Z) but a different atomic mass number (A). The number of neutrons present in the nucleus varies with respect to the isotope.
Mass of Hydrogen Atom
Hydrogen is one of the most fundamental elements on Earth which is colorless, odorless, and a flammable chemical substance. The representation of hydrogen in the periodic table is H. It is mostly found as a diatomic molecule as water H2O on earth. It is also known to be the lightest element and takes its place on Earth up to 0.14 %. There are three isotopes of hydrogen- protium, deuterium, and tritium. There is a huge abundance of Hydrogen molecules on the earth's surface. The hydrogen isotope tritium has its half-life equal to 12.32 years, through beta decay. In physics, the study of Hydrogen is fundamental.
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