***PROBLEM 11.) Arrange the following enzyme activities in order that they first appear in the biosynthesis of stearoyl CoAin the cytosol of the liver cell.(A) Malonyl CoA Transferase(B) Acetyl CoA Transferase(C) B-hydroxyacyl ACP-dehydratase(D) B-ketoacyl ACP reductase(E) B-hydroxyacyl CoA-dehydratase(F) B-ketoacyl CoA reductase(G) Elongase(H) Enoyl ACP reductase(I) Enoyl-CoA reductase(J) Fatty Acyl CoA Synthetase(K) Thioesterase1. Acetyl CoA transferase2. Acetyl LOA carboxylase3. Malonyl COA transferase4 B-ketoacyl-Acp reductase115.B-hydroxy acyl-Acp dehydratase^12.Thioesteraseb.tasesterase 10RAICHECHEBASUE WINGEBecer1.2.3.4.SBA5. H6.7.8.9.10.11.)F1EGJKJEenige Problem 2• Unlabeled acetyl-CoA and the following radio labeled Malonyl CoA were used as substrates for fatty acidsynthase. Show where the radio labels will appear in palmitate (16:0)O-14C0 14CH₂Cs-as-coaH₂Augises AS-COABLOG 3blfatty acid synthaseToper CH₂1900 (cHb₂sepojeg social-Coy ang me to youradio labeled malonyl-CoAsug18CH₂MigCHH₂H₂o CiscH₂palmitateH₂HzH₂radiolabeledH₂(14)H₂

Here's a detailed explanation of the biosynthesis of stearoyl CoA in the cytosol of the liver cell,…

Answered: ● 1.) Arrange the following enzyme…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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E3 of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex performs which main function? A) removing a proton from TPP forming a carbanion b) catalyzing the condensation of the TPP carbanion with pyruvate to form hydroxyethyl-TPP c) oxidation and transfer of the hydroxyethyl group to lipoic acid d) reoxidation of lipoic acid in order to keep the reaction going Once acetyl-CoA is formed, it usually takes one of two paths. The first is further oxidation in the citric acid cycle. The second is: a) conversion to oxaloacetate which generates glucose by gluconeogenesis b) synthesis of galactose c) activates transcription factors which signal the synthesis of peptidase enzymes d) it is used in the synthesis of fatty acids.
Consider the reactions of ketogenesis. (a) What role does acetyl-CoA play?(b) How many acetyl-CoA molecules are used in the production of the ketonebodies?(c) What is the essential role of ketone bodies during prolonged starvation?
2-Bromopalmitoyl-CoA inhibits the oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA by isolatedmitochondria but has no effect on the oxidation of palmitoylcarnitine. What is the most likely site of inhibition by 2-bromopalmitoyl-CoA?
Tomorrow morning, you decide to sprint a quick mile before breakfast. Which enzymes will be actively metabolizing fuel in your myocytes during the sprint? Choose ALL that apply. (A) acetyl CoA carboxylase 1(B) fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase (C) glycogen phosphorylase(D) HMG-CoA reductase(E) a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (F) lactate dehydrogenase(G) mitochondrial b-ketothiolase (H) phosphofructokinase 1
The products of pyrimidine base catabolism, β-alanine and β-aminoisobutyrate, can be further degraded to acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA, respectively. Can you suggest the types of reaction required to accomplish these transformations?
What enzyme(s) is/are specifically required for the oxidation of a Aeven monounsaturated fatty acid? (select all that apply) O Methylmalonyl CoA Mutase O enoyl-CoA Hydratase 43-enoyl-CoA isomerase Thiolase 2,4-Dienoyl-CoA Reductase OPropionyl-CoA carboxylase
Which of the following most accurately describes the impact acetyl-CoA has in the cytosol of the liver cell? Acetyl CoA serves as an allosteric inhibitor of PFK Acetyl CoA serves as an allosteric inhibitor of pyruvate kinase Acetyl CoA serves as an allosteric activator of PFK Acetyl CoA serves as an allosteric activator of pyruvate kinase Acetyl CoA serves as an allosteric activator of fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase Acetyl CoA serves as an allosteric activator of PFK-2
[References) Which of the following statements explains why acetyl-CoA Iis considered the central molecule of metabolism? (Select all that apply.) O The addition of acetyl-CoA to compounds stabilises them. Acetyl-CoA contains a thioester bond that makes it one of the high energy compounds in metabolic pathways. O Acetyl-CoA is an inhibitor that plays a central role in regulating metabolic pathways. O Acetyl-CoA feeds directly into the citric acid cycle. U None of the above.
1. What are the numbers of carbon atoms derived from the first acetyl-CoA that binds to fatty acid synthase complex in palmitate, the end product of the pathway? For the answer: a) name the initial substrates for fatty acid synthesis and their source; b) draw the reactions of the first spiral of fatty acid synthesis; b) mark the carbon atoms (*) derived from the first acetyl-CoA in the product of the first spiral of fatty acid synthesis; c) answer the question of the problem.
Mitochondria were isolated from a rat heart. Figure 4 shows the relationship between palmitoyl carnithine I activity (determined by [H] palmitoyl carnithine production) and the concentration of malonyl CoA. Using this result explain the effect of malonyl CoA on fatty acid breakdown. 10 10 15 2.0 2.5 Malonyl CoA (uM) Figure 4 ['H]palmitoyl carnitine production (nmol/min/mg protein)
(8) B-ketothiolase is a multifunctional enzyme in lipid catabolism. Which of the following is NOT one of its functions? (A) It catalyzes the release of (2) acetyl CoA from acetoacetyl CoA during ketolysis. (B) It removes an acetyl CoA from the fatty acyl chain during B-oxidation. (C) It forms acetoacetate by removing acetyl CoA from HMG CoA during ketogenesis. (D) It condenses (2) acetyl CoA molecules to form acetoacetyl CoA during ketogenesis. (9) What is HMG-COA, in the context of fatty acid catabolism? (A) a product of fatty acid oxidation (B) a ketone body made in liver cells (C) a 6-carbon precursor to the acetoacetate ketone body (D) a 4-carbon precursor to the acetoacetate ketone body (E) a product formed when the B-hydroxybutyrate ketone body is oxidized in brain cells (10) Which of the following symptoms might you expect to see in a patient with defective acyl CoA dehydrogenase under fasting conditions? (A) slowed gluconeogenesis in liver (B) hypoglycemia (C) elevated glycogen…
How is acetyl coA carboxylase being regulated?

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