1) Restaurant customer behavior: Do restaurant customers tend to order more expensive meals when classical music is playing in the background than when other kinds of music are playing in the background? Describe how you could best design a randomized experiment to investigate this question. (a) Over a month-long period, randomly assign each day to either classical music or not classical music and then keep track of the price of average meals ordered at the restaurant each day. (b) Select a random sample of restaurants that play classical music, and a random sample of restaurants that do not play classical music, and measure the average price of meals for each sample.
1)
Restaurant customer behavior: Do restaurant customers tend to order more expensive meals when classical music is playing in the background than when other kinds of music are playing in the background? Describe how you could best design a randomized experiment to investigate this question.
(a) Over a month-long period, randomly assign each day to either classical music or not classical music and then keep track of the price of average meals ordered at the restaurant each day.
(b) Select a random sample of restaurants that play classical music, and a random sample of restaurants that do not play classical music, and measure the average price of meals for each sample.
(c) Select a random sample of restaurants. Have each restaurant choose whether to play classical music or not, then measure the average price of meals for each restaurant over the study period.
or (d) A randomized experiment is not feasible for this research question.
2)
Butterfat is the fat that naturally occurs in cow's milk. For a product to be labeled whole milk, for example, it must contain at least 3.25% butterfat. Does the amount of butterfat vary with different species of cows? Researchers gathered percent butterfat data on a sample of 100 cows. The sample of 100 cows consisted of 20 cows from each of 5 different species, where 10 in each species were considered mature and 10 were considered young. Why do you think they made sure there were 10 mature cows and 10 young cows for each species? Choose the best among the following statements.
(a) To add variability to the data.
(b) To have a random sample of cows that are representative of all cows.
(c) To make sure that the effect of age was not confounded with the effect of species.
or (d) To make sure sample size was the same so that comparisons among species are possible.
3)
According to the 2020 Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 55.7% of flights arrive on-time. Of those flying Delta, 67.6% of flights arrive on time. However, only 47.0% of flights arrive on time for those flying Southwest.Does there appear to be an association between the airline company (Delta or Southwest) and if a flight arrives on time?
(a) Yes, since the percent of flights that arrive on time for each airline is not equal to 50%.
(b) Yes, since the percent of flights that arrive on time differs between airlines.
(c) Yes, since there are other airlines besides Delta and Southwest.
or (d) No, since 55.7% of all flights arrive on time.
PS. I just need an explanation each as to why you choose the answer per item.
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