1 Infected bacterium Phage integration of spacer Cas protein Spacer Phage DNA Phage DNA is cut into fragments. cas genes CRISPR array 2 Surviving bacterium Transcription CRISPR RNA RNA processing 3 Immunity crRNAS Phage Cas-crRNA 区、 complex Invading viral DNA is inactivated by Cas-crRNA complex. Cas-crRNA complex FIGURE 13.11 CRISPR Defense System Agalnst Phage Infection

Q: Outline the three stages of CRISPR-Cas action.

A: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a DNA sequence family observed…

Q: What is the purpose of the targeting vector?

A: In molecular cloning, vector is a segment of DNA molecule, which is used as an artificial carrier of…

Q: what is CRISPR Cas9 and the process of it in the human body?

A: CRISPR Cas9:              A unique genome editing techno tool which enables researchers worldwide to…

Q: What is a transducing phage?

A: Transduction is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into the cell by a suitable virus or…

Q: How does the CRISPR system protect bacteria from phage infection?

A: A bacteriophage is a virus that specifically infects bacteria. These viruses take over the machinery…

Q: With regard to the CRISPR-Cas system that defends bacteriaagainst bacteriophage attack, what happens…

A: Bacteriophage are the viruses which infects bacteria.  CRISPR that is Clustered Regularly…

Q: In Crispr cas9, is crispr DNA or RNAse? And what is cas9?

A: Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, or "CRISPR" (pronounced "crisper"), are a…

Q: How was the first Copy Cat was cloned from a kitten?

A: Cloning is the practice of creating organisms, either spontaneously or intentionally, with similar…

Q: What do the spacers within the CRISPR region correspond to?

A: CRISPR that is clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. It is found in the…

Q: What is CRISPR/ Cas 9 and how is CRISPR/ Cas 9 used to repair mutant genes.

A: CRISPR/Cas 9 stands for clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic sequences and CRISPR…

Q: How has the CRISPR editing technology been appliedto targeting virus-infected eukaryotic cells?

A: The short form CRISPR refers to the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Sequences.…

Q: Explain the CRISPR-Cas Mechanism for RNA-Guided Destruction of Invading DNA ?

A: CRISPR or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats denotes a set of sequences of…

Q: How was it experimentally proven that the spacer sequences in the CRISPR locus were the elements…

A: CRISPR-cas system provides an adaptive defence mechanism to the prokaryotes which acquires…

Q: explain how the CRISPR/CAS9  can be used to modify the genome

A: CRISPR-Cas9 is a novel technique that allows geneticists and medical researchers to edit portions of…

Q: how Recombinant Plasmid Libraries SimplifyGene Identification?

A: Introduction  Plasmid Vectors: these are like the artificial vehicle to deliver our gene of insert…

Q: How can the CRISPR and pi-cluster loci change overtime?

A: CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat. It is a unique…

Q: What role do CRISPR-Cas systems naturally play in bacteria?

A: Bacteria are single-celled microscopic prokaryotes. They are organized into five groups based on…

Q: what are the mechanism of CRISPR-Cas-9  to combine DNA? explain.

A: Through the introduction of genes from closely related species, it is possible to employ genome…

Q: Describe how the genome editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 works.

A: CRISPR-Cas9 is a genome editing tool that can be used to make very precise changes to the DNA of…

Q: What is the concept behind RNAI? Explain in terms of how it works.

A: A "nucleic acid" is a linear polymer of nucleotides that is a component of the cell's information…

Q: Explain The Discovery of CRISPR ?

A: The common technology   that can be used to edit genes is refers as the CRISPR. In other words you…

Q: Diagram the mechanism by which CRISPR-cas functions in the immune system of bacteria.

A: CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats) is a type of defense mechanism only for…

Q: Why is it necessary to boil the probe before you use it in your southern blot?

A: Southern blotting is a molecular biology technique that is used to detect a person's DNA. This…

Q: Describe the three steps of CRISPR-Cas–mediated antiviral defense.

A: CRISPR stands for Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and Cas stands for their…

Q: Which component of the CRISPR-Cas system directly recognizes thebacteriophage DNA?

A: CRISPR(Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a region of DNA present in…

Q: What is CRISPR AND HOW it works

A: Genome is the genetic material of organism and it comprises of DNA or RNA.Genome comprises of both…

Q: Where did western blot get its name?

A: The western blot (also known as the protein immunoblot) or western blotting is molecular biology and…

Q: Why do researchers believe they can use CRISPR/Cas totreat disease?

A: Introduction  CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats.  This is…

Q: CRISPR-Cas9 can be used by scientists to edit genes. This system was not created in a lab, however,…

A: CRISPR-Cas 9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a natural mechanism of a…

Q: "CRISPR-Cas Is an Adaptive Immune System in Bacteria" Explain this ?

A: Bacteria is one of the common known microscopic organisms. An organism that can not be seen through…

Q: What is an advantage of RNA Seq over microarrays?

A: The process in which the sequencing of total messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is carried out…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.