1) In a study of the association between exposure to asbestos and risk of mesothelioma, 200 caseswere identified, along with 200 population-based controls. In reality, the proportion of cases exposedto asbestos is 10%, and the proportion of controls exposed to asbestos is 1%. However, due tosystematic errors in sampling, the proportion exposed to asbestos in the study population was 15%among cases and 5% among controls, such that the odds ratio calculated was 3.35. Of the followingterms, which best describes this odds ratio:a) Preciseb) Not validc) Reliabled) Not reliablee) Not precisef) Valid

Precision is generally used to how close the measured values related to each other when the study is…

Answered: 1) In a study of the association…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Consider a study to determine the association between alcohol consumption and esophageal cancer. Data on alcohol consumption was dichotomized at 80 g/day. The data are summarized in the 2x2 table below: Alcohol grams/day >= 80 <80 Esophageal cancer Yes 96 104 No 109 666 Select the appropriate odds ratio and interpretation. People who consume 80 or more grams of alcohol per day have 5.64 times the odds of esophageal cancer than those who consume less than 80 grams of alcohol per day. People who consume less than 80 grams of alcohol per day have 5.64 times the odds of esophageal cancer than those who consume 80 grams or more of alcohol per day. People who consume less than 80 grams of alcohol per day have 5.64 more odds of esophageal cancer than those who consume 80 grams or more of alcohol per day. People who consume 80 or more grams of alcohol per day have 5.64 times the risk of esophageal cancer than those who consume less than 80 grams of alcohol per day.
A recent study looked at the relationship between condom use and the spread of AIDS, by following heterosexual couples in which one partner was infected with HIV. The couples were classified by their condom use. Of the 98 couples who always used condoms, 4 partners became infected with HIV. Of the 67 couples who did not always use condoms, 11 partners became infected. Test whether the proportions of partners who became infected with HIV are different for each group, using a 5% level of significance. Give each of the following: 1) the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses; 2) the appropriate test; 3) the decision rule; 4) the calculation of the test statistic; and 5) your conclusion including a comparison to alpha or the critical value. You MUST show your work
Acne is a common skin disease that affects most adolescents and can continue into adulthood. A study compared the effectiveness of three acne treatments and a placebo, all in gel form, applied twice daily for 12 weeks. The study's 517 teenage volunteers were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments. Success was assessed as clear or almost clear skin at the end of the 12 week period. The results of the study can be seen in the table below. Using the appropriate statistical test, determine if there is significant evidence that the four treatments perform differently. If so, how do they compare.
A source table has the following information: Three treatment conditions with a sample of n =7 participants in each treatment. You know SS(BW) = 20 and MS(WI) = 2. What is the missing value for MS(BW)? Answer choices: 40, 10, 2, 5 You have an ANOVA source table with the following information: Three treatment groups with a sample of n = 10 participants in each treatment. You also know the SS(BW) =20 and F = 5.00. What is the missing value for SS(Total)? Answer choices: 74, 54, 30, 22 For an experiment involving 2 levels of factor A and 3 levels of factor B with a sample of n = 5 in each treatment condition, what is the value for df(WI)? Answer choices: 30, 29, 24, 20
You may need to use the appropriate appendix table or technology to answer this question. In the past, 19% of all homes with a stay-at-home parent, the father is the stay-at-home parent. An independent research firm has been charged with conducting a sample survey to obtain more current information. (a) What sample size is needed if the research firm's goal is to estimate the current proportion of homes with a stay-at-home parent in which the father is the stay-at-home parent with a margin of error of 0.03? Use a 95% confidence level. (Round your answer up to the nearest whole number.) (b) Repeat part (a) using a 99% confidence level. (Round your answer up to the nearest whole number.) Need Help? Read It option esc ! 1 T Q A Z 96 2 W S X 88 command Watch It O #3 E Master It a D C $ 4 R F ~ ♫ % 5 V T G m MA 6 MacBook Pro B Y H & 7 U N D W * 8 J P 1 T M ( K 1 & O **** ) O 1 H L cricut P V command T { x + 11 ? option } រ dele
The respiratory disturbance index (RDI), which is the number of apneic and hypopneic episodes per hour of sleep, was used as a measure of severity of sleep apnea. An RDI of 5 or more indicates sleep-related breathing disturbances. The RDIs for the females and males samples in a study in US are as follows. Female 0.1 0.5 0.3 2.3 2.0 1.4 0.0 Male 2.6 19.3 1.4 1.0 0.0 39.2 4.1 0.0 2.1 1.1 5.6 5.0 7.0 2.3 4.3 7.5 16.5 7.8 3.3 8.9 7.3 At the 1% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the female patients are less suffer than male from the apnea disease?
Dr. Sloane is doing a study to test the association between alcohol consumption and the occurrence of cancer of the liver. He chooses a hospital-based sample and collects all newly diagnosed cases of histologically confirmed liver cancer diagnosed at that hospital. For his control group, he reviews the charts of all patients coming through all the clinics at this hospital who are not diagnosed with liver cancer. He makes sure that the cases and controls are similar by age and sex. A. Looking at the odds ratios and the p-values together, describe your observations. B. Looking at the p-values, what do they tell you about the strength of the association between drinking different amounts of alcohol per day and the risk of having liver cancer?
In one particular rainforest in Tasmania, it has been found that 70% of the trees are eucalyptus trees; 20% of the trees are Australian blackwood trees and 10% of the trees are myrtle beech trees. Unfortunately, this rainforest has recently been affected by bushfires; and we are interested in determining whether or not the above percentage distribution of trees has been affected by these bushfires. When the number of trees remaining were counted after several had been burnt down by the bushfires, it was found that there were a total of 500 trees left. Of these, 320 were eucalyptus trees; 120 were Australian blackwood trees and 60 were myrtle beech trees. A scientist would like to know if there is evidence of a significant change in the percentage distribution of trees aş a result of these unfortunate bushfires. (i) Use statistical notation to state the appropriate null and alternate hypotheses. (ii) Calculate the chi-squared test statistic for these data. (ii1) Given a p-value of 0.038…
6. A clinical trial is conducted comparing a new pain reliever for arthritis to a placebo. Participants are randomly assigned to receive the new treatment or a placebo and the outcome is pain relief within 30 minutes. The data are shown in Table 7–54. Is there a significant difference in the proportions of patients reporting pain relief? Run the test at a 5% level of significance.
4) What do you infer from the odds ratio about the relationship between smoking and lung cancer?
Even if a treatment has no effect, it is still possible to obtain an extreme sample mean that is very different from the population mean. Which outcome is likely if this happens?
A study on migraines compared 93 people who suffer from chronic migraines to a sample of 93 healthy patients (controls). The researchers looked for the presence of a heart defect, and a cardiac shunt. 44 of the migraine sufferers were found to have a cardiac shunt. 16 of the migraine-free healthy individuals had this heart defect. How strong is the association between migraines and cardiac shunts? Calculate the odds ratio for migraine, comparing the patients with and without cardiac shunts.

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