If you want to know the speed of a long-wavelength wave (e.g. tsunami or tide), you can use the shallow-water wave velocity equation where g is acceleration due to gravity (~10 m/s2), d is water depth (in meters), and v = speed (in meters per second). a) Calculate the speed of a tsunami (in meters per second), assuming an average ocean depth of 4000m. b) Convert the speed of a tsunami from meters per second to meters per hour (note that 1 hr = 3600 seconds). c) Convert the speed of a tsunami from meters per hour to miles per hour (note that 1 mile = 1600m).
Properties of sound
A sound wave is a mechanical wave (or mechanical vibration) that transit through media such as gas (air), liquid (water), and solid (wood).
Quality Of Sound
A sound or a sound wave is defined as the energy produced due to the vibrations of particles in a medium. When any medium produces a disturbance or vibrations, it causes a movement in the air particles which produces sound waves. Molecules in the air vibrate about a certain average position and create compressions and rarefactions. This is called pitch which is defined as the frequency of sound. The frequency is defined as the number of oscillations in pressure per second.
Categories of Sound Wave
People perceive sound in different ways, like a medico student takes sound as vibration produced by objects reaching the human eardrum. A physicist perceives sound as vibration produced by an object, which produces disturbances in nearby air molecules that travel further. Both of them describe it as vibration generated by an object, the difference is one talks about how it is received and other deals with how it travels and propagates across various mediums.
1) If you want to know the speed of a long-wavelength wave (e.g. tsunami or tide), you can use the shallow-water wave velocity equation
where g is acceleration due to gravity (~10 m/s2), d is water depth (in meters), and v = speed (in meters per second).
- a) Calculate the speed of a tsunami (in meters per second), assuming an average ocean depth of 4000m.
- b) Convert the speed of a tsunami from meters per second to meters per hour (note that 1 hr = 3600 seconds).
- c) Convert the speed of a tsunami from meters per hour to miles per hour (note that 1 mile = 1600m).
2) An earthquake that happened on Feb 27th, 2010 generated a tsunami that covered most of the Pacific and severely damaged some Chilean coastal towns. NOAA has a summary page of the tsunami data here.....
http://nctr.pmel.noaa.gov/chile20100227/
If you click on the “DART Buoy 32412” link in the bulleted list midway down the page, a graph showing when the tsunami reached a DART buoy will download to your computer. DART is the network of tsunami measuring buoys around the world that monitor water pressure at the bottom to determine if a tsunami has passed over. The largest amplitude on the graph shows the waves passing over.
If the DART buoy is 1500 miles from the source of the tsunami, how fast is the wave going in meters per second? (This answer should be close to what you determine in Question #1).
- b) Another DART buoy was located 500 miles from the earthquake epicenter. How long after the earthquake event do you expect a high amplitude signal was recorded for this DART buoy?
- c) The next day, a large storm passed over the offshore DART buoy, bringing high wind speeds causing large swells. Given the explanation provided for the DART buoy measurements, would you expect an amplitude signal from the swells was recorded by the DART buoy? Why or why not?
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DART buoy is 1500 miles from the source of the tsunami, how fast is the wave going in meters per second? (This answer should be close to what you determine in Question #1).
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