1) Complete the following reaction and provide a detailed, step-by-step mechanism for the process. HBr 2) Provide the structure of the major organic product in the reactions below. o - HI CH3 man H₂C. CH3 CH₂CH3 на H₂C CH3 HBr
1) Complete the following reaction and provide a detailed, step-by-step mechanism for the process. HBr 2) Provide the structure of the major organic product in the reactions below. o - HI CH3 man H₂C. CH3 CH₂CH3 на H₂C CH3 HBr
Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### Organic Chemistry Reactions and Mechanisms
Welcome to the Organic Chemistry section. Below, you'll find detailed reactions and step-by-step mechanisms for the provided chemical processes.
---
#### 1. Hydrogen Bromide Addition to an Alkene
**Reaction Description:**
Complete the following reaction and provide a detailed, step-by-step mechanism for the process.
**Reactants:**
- Alkene: CH₃-CH=CH₂
- Hydrogen Bromide (HBr)
**Mechanism Steps:**
1. **Protonation of the Alkene:**
- The π electrons of the double bond react with the proton (H⁺) from HBr, forming a carbocation intermediate and a bromide ion (Br⁻).
- The most stable carbocation intermediate will form. For this reaction:
\[
CH₃-CH=CH₂ + HBr \rightarrow CH₃-CH⁺-CH₃ + Br⁻
\]
- The positive charge resides on the carbon that was initially double-bonded.
2. **Nucleophilic Attack:**
- The bromide ion (Br⁻) attacks the carbocation, forming the final product.
- The final product is 2-bromopropane:
\[
CH₃-CH⁺-CH₃ + Br⁻ \rightarrow CH₃-CHBr-CH₃
\]
---
#### 2. Structure of Major Organic Products from the Reactions
Provide the structure of the major organic product in the reactions below.
**a. Reaction with HI**
**Reactant:**
- Cyclohexene (contains a six-membered ring with one double bond)
**Product:**
- Cyclohexyl iodide
**Mechanism:**
- The π electrons of the double bond react with hydrogen iodide (HI) in a similar fashion to the HBr reaction above. The iodine anion (I⁻) attaches to the most stable carbocation intermediate.
**b. Reaction with HBr**
**Reactant:**
- An alkene with a long carbon chain and one double bond.
**Product:**
- The major product will follow Markovnikov's rule, where the bromine (Br⁻) attaches to the carbon that is most stable (the more substituted carbon).
**c. Reaction with HCl**
**Reactant:**
- 2-but](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1d8ed002-44e1-45d2-a470-631163233c5c%2Fcea968e0-fb60-4590-abf7-8c846711c3b8%2F01fw7v_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Organic Chemistry Reactions and Mechanisms
Welcome to the Organic Chemistry section. Below, you'll find detailed reactions and step-by-step mechanisms for the provided chemical processes.
---
#### 1. Hydrogen Bromide Addition to an Alkene
**Reaction Description:**
Complete the following reaction and provide a detailed, step-by-step mechanism for the process.
**Reactants:**
- Alkene: CH₃-CH=CH₂
- Hydrogen Bromide (HBr)
**Mechanism Steps:**
1. **Protonation of the Alkene:**
- The π electrons of the double bond react with the proton (H⁺) from HBr, forming a carbocation intermediate and a bromide ion (Br⁻).
- The most stable carbocation intermediate will form. For this reaction:
\[
CH₃-CH=CH₂ + HBr \rightarrow CH₃-CH⁺-CH₃ + Br⁻
\]
- The positive charge resides on the carbon that was initially double-bonded.
2. **Nucleophilic Attack:**
- The bromide ion (Br⁻) attacks the carbocation, forming the final product.
- The final product is 2-bromopropane:
\[
CH₃-CH⁺-CH₃ + Br⁻ \rightarrow CH₃-CHBr-CH₃
\]
---
#### 2. Structure of Major Organic Products from the Reactions
Provide the structure of the major organic product in the reactions below.
**a. Reaction with HI**
**Reactant:**
- Cyclohexene (contains a six-membered ring with one double bond)
**Product:**
- Cyclohexyl iodide
**Mechanism:**
- The π electrons of the double bond react with hydrogen iodide (HI) in a similar fashion to the HBr reaction above. The iodine anion (I⁻) attaches to the most stable carbocation intermediate.
**b. Reaction with HBr**
**Reactant:**
- An alkene with a long carbon chain and one double bond.
**Product:**
- The major product will follow Markovnikov's rule, where the bromine (Br⁻) attaches to the carbon that is most stable (the more substituted carbon).
**c. Reaction with HCl**
**Reactant:**
- 2-but
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