Which resonance structure in each of the following pairs is more stable? Why? The image presents a series of resonance structures for different anionic and cationic species. Each subsection (a, b, and c) illustrates two resonance forms (I and II), which are depicted with arrows showing their reversible nature. Here is a detailed explanation for each section:### (a) Resonance Structures- **Structure I**: Depicts a molecule with a negatively charged oxygen atom (indicated by a "−" sign) attached to a two-carbon chain. The charge on the oxygen shows it has three lone pairs of electrons. - **Structure II**: The negative charge is on the oxygen, which is part of a carbon-oxygen double bond. This structure also includes a two-carbon chain joined to the carbon atom of the carbonyl group.Both structures are interconvertible, as shown by the double-headed resonance arrow.### (b) Resonance Structures- **Structure I**: Features a molecule with a positively charged carbon (cationic center) next to a negatively charged oxygen. The carbon is bonded to a methyl group (CH₃) and forms part of a three-carbon chain.- **Structure II**: Displays the same arrangement where the positive charge is again on a carbon atom linked to the methyl group. The oxygen carries a negative charge and is double-bonded to a carbon atom.These structures are in resonance equilibrium, as indicated by the double-headed arrow.### (c) Resonance Structures- **Structure I**: Shows a molecule with a negative charge on oxygen, represented by three lone pairs around the oxygen atom. There is a double bond with an aliphatic chain that ends with a CH₂⁺ group. - **Structure II**: Illustrates a very similar arrangement but with the carbon-oxygen double bond within the molecule, maintaining the positive charge on a carbon-atom (CH₂⁺) at one end. Similar to the previous examples, these two structures are indicated as resonance forms with a double-headed arrow.Each set of structures highlights the delocalization of electrons in their respective systems. The charges and lone pairs fluctuate between different atoms, leading to more stable resonance hybrids overall.

Answered: :0: (а) I or II :ö:0 (b) CH3 II CH3 or…

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Chemistry

:0: (а) I or II :ö:0 (b) CH3 II CH3 or (с) CH2 CH2 II or

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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