. 2. What is meant by pH and how is it measured? What do all acids have in common?

Chemistry
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Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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• i. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, is a strong acid and when in aqueous solution it dissociates almost completely into
hydrogen ions and sulfate ions.
• ii. Potassium hydroxide, KOH, is a strong base that is also soluble in water and so is called an alkali. It is
almost completely dissociated in aqueous solution into its component ions.
• iii. Sulfuric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide, in aqueous solution, to form a salt, which is itself fully
ionized, potassium sulfate.
. iv. Hydrochloric acid, HCI, reacts with solid calcium carbonate, CaCO3, limestone, to form a salt and water.
Carbon dioxide gas is given off.
• v. Carbonic acid and ethanoic (CH3COOH) acid are both weak acids and are predominantly in the molecular
form, although carbonic acid is easily decomposed at room temperatures into carbon dioxide and water.
• vi. Glycine is an amino acid, NH2CH2COOH. This molecule in acid solution forms a positive ion whereas in
alkaline solution a negative ion is produced.
• vii. Amino acids incorporated into proteins can act as pH controllers or 'buffers' to modify changes in acidity
or alkalinity.
. 2. What is meant by pH and how is it measured? What do all acids have in common?
Transcribed Image Text:Questions • 1 • i. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, is a strong acid and when in aqueous solution it dissociates almost completely into hydrogen ions and sulfate ions. • ii. Potassium hydroxide, KOH, is a strong base that is also soluble in water and so is called an alkali. It is almost completely dissociated in aqueous solution into its component ions. • iii. Sulfuric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide, in aqueous solution, to form a salt, which is itself fully ionized, potassium sulfate. . iv. Hydrochloric acid, HCI, reacts with solid calcium carbonate, CaCO3, limestone, to form a salt and water. Carbon dioxide gas is given off. • v. Carbonic acid and ethanoic (CH3COOH) acid are both weak acids and are predominantly in the molecular form, although carbonic acid is easily decomposed at room temperatures into carbon dioxide and water. • vi. Glycine is an amino acid, NH2CH2COOH. This molecule in acid solution forms a positive ion whereas in alkaline solution a negative ion is produced. • vii. Amino acids incorporated into proteins can act as pH controllers or 'buffers' to modify changes in acidity or alkalinity. . 2. What is meant by pH and how is it measured? What do all acids have in common?
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