Pretest Applied Stats 20 question PRETEST - Student Copy

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Montclair State University *

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Jan 9, 2024

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Do not put your name on this pre-test quiz. Instead, please create a code that you can remember so you will know this is your paper. The code is: Your birth month in digits: (ex: 03 for March) ___ ___ + last 3 digits of your phone number (ex: 770 for 9770) ___ ___ ___ + first 3 letters of your favorite food (ex: sus for sushi) ___ ___ ___ Please write this code where indicated on every page of this pre-test. Also, write your code somewhere in your notes so that you can find it if you really forget it! There are 20 questions on this quiz (plus two additional questions that are not scored) Please WRITE THE LETTER of the answer that best completes the statement or question. ____ 1. Research articles in health science journals typically have the following sections: a) Abstract, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, and References b) Hypothesis, Method, Results, Theory, and References c) Problem, Theory, Method, Results, and Statistics ____ 2. Before individuals participate in a research study, they should complete a) A blood pressure and cholesterol test b) An IQ or other general intelligence test c) An informed consent form ____ 3. YRBS stands for a) Yearly Register of Birth Statistics, an annual report from the New Jersey state department of Vital Statistics b) Y-axis Regression & Beta Significance, a statistical analysis to test the validity of a statistic c) Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a CDC-administered health questionnaire for teens in school ____ 4. Levels of measurement of a variable include a) p-value, t-test, z-score, and Chi-square b) Nominal, Ordinal, and Scale c) Quantitative, Qualitative, Survey, and Experimental

Your code: ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 5. A Likert scale a) Uses numerical ratings for respondents to select one choice b) Uses open-ended questions for respondents to answer in their own words c) Is typically used in ‘focus group’ and ‘participatory action’ research ____ 6. The most representative sample of a population is a a) Convenience sample b) Random sample c) Nonprobability sample ____7. In a frequency distribution… a) Scores are listed in a table, along with the number of times each score occurs b) Scores are represented as vertical bars along the x-axis, which touch to show increasing value c) Scores are depicted as a scatterplot of small dots ____ 8. To show how many standard deviation units a raw score is from the mean, we use a a) p-value b) Chi-Square c) z-score ____ 9. In a standard normal distribution of data a) About 68% of the data falls within 1 standard deviation from the mean b) The mean is 1 and the standard deviation is 0 c) The median is 0 and about 5% of the data falls within 1 standard deviation from the mode ____ 10. Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the WEAKEST relationship between two variables? a) - .10 b) - .80 c) + .08

Your code: ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 11. The Null Hypothesis a) Is written as H o and predicts that no difference exists between groups being compared b) Is written as Hµ and predicts that the averages of two groups are the same c) Is written as ∑ H and predicts that all data in a sample will regress to the mean ____12. Rejecting the Null Hypothesis mistakenly, is called a) A Type-2 error b) A .05 Alpha Level c) A Type-1 error ____ 13. To determine how well an OBSERVED frequency distribution fits an EXPECTED one a) You would calculate the standard deviation and then use a t-test b) You would use a Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit test c) You would reject the null hypothesis if the z-score is p<.001 ____ 14. The meaning of “significant” in statistics differs from “significant” in everyday conversation because… a) “significant” in statistics means “normal” because the median value of the data is smaller than the mean value b) “significant” in statistics means that a difference between two mean scores is due not just to chance or coincidence, it is due to the effect of a program, policy, medication, therapy, or other cause c) “significant” in statistics means “meaningful” or “important” ____ 15. Only one of these references correctly follows APA-style formatting. Which one is it? a) Erica Smith & Dev Patel. New Tests for Syphilis , “Journal of STDs”, 2013. b) Smith, E.D., & Patel, D.F. (2013). New tests for syphilis. Journal of STDs, 38 , 34-50. c) Smith et al., www.jofstds.org/doi.383450 retrieved January 13, 2016. ____ 16. When a z-test score falls within the “region of rejection” on a normal-curve sampling distribution, you should a) Reject H o b) Reject σ c) Reject p <.05

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Your code: ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 17. Attrition, the Instrumentation Effect, and Regression to the Mean are examples of a) Statistical tests to determine significance b) Threats to the internal validity of an experiment c) Type-I errors ____ 18. The independent-samples t-test is a statistical test we use to… a) compare two scores taken from the same sample at different times b) compare the mean with the median in samples of 30 or fewer scores c) compare the average scores of two different samples ____ 19. ANOVA is best used for a) Comparing the mean with the median in samples of 30 or fewer scores b) Comparing nominal data and scale data in SPSS c) Comparing the means of three or more groups ____ 20. NCHS stands for a) National Center for Health Statistics, the federal agency that collects data as reported to it from state health departments b) Null Correlation Hypothesis Significance, a statistical test which compares the three or more means for significance c) Normal Curve Histogram Sample, a subset of a data distribution that can be used to determine the strength of a correlation 21a. Approximately what percentage of your answers were just guesses? __________ % 21b. What was it like to take this quiz? Please write a sentence or two below to describe how you felt while taking this test, and anything you noticed, discovered about yourself, etc.

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