Chapter+6+Review

Chapter 6 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Social scientists gather data from samples instead of populations because a. samples are much larger and more complete. b. samples are more trustworthy. c. populations are often too large to test. d. samples are more meaningful and interesting. ____ 2. A researcher tests a theory about sexism by administering a survey to the 200 students in her sociology classes. This sample is best characterized as a a. cluster sample. b. stratified random sample. c. non-probability sample. d. sampling distribution. ____ 3. The goal of all techniques for selecting probability samples is to select samples that are a. very large. b. non-random. c. easily located. d. representative. ____ 4. Advertisers sometimes use samples drawn from users of their products. A problem with this technique is that the samples are a. are not representative. b. are biased towards females. c. don’t include the homeless and other marginalized groups. d. very small. ____ 5. For a simple random sample, each case and each combination of cases in the population must a. be representative. C C d a d

b. be included in the sample. c. be contacted by the researcher. d. have an equal probability of being chosen for the sample. ____ 6. The simple random sample requires a. a defined population. b. a complete list of all cases in the population. c. a random selection process. d. All of the above ____ 7. In systematic random sampling, the researcher randomly selects a. the first case and every k th case thereafter. b. cases following any systematic pattern. c. every other case. d. cases according to their scores. ____ 8. A sampling technique that allows you to ensure proportional representativeness in a sample is a. representative sampling. b. stratified sampling. c. systematic sampling. d. simple sampling. ____ 9. When using systematic sampling, the researcher must a. select only representative cases. b. make sure that the list of the population is random or, at least, non-cyclical with respect to the variables of interest. c. select every case. d. select only respondents who are likely to cooperate. ____ 10. A major limitation for stratified sampling is that a. the samples so selected are not representative. b. it violates the rule of EPSEM. c. the samples are non-random. d. the exact composition of the population is usually unknown. d a B b d

d. the sample distribution is normal. ____ 17. I surveyed 48 randomly-selected residents of the apartment complex where I live to determine their voting habits. I can only use this information to generalize to all the residents if a. there is evidence of a normal population distribution. b. the 48 residents all have the same voting habits. c. the 48 residents are equally divided in their voting habits. d. the sample distribution is not normal in shape. ____ 18. By the theorems presented in the text, we know that the mean of a sampling distribution of sample means will be a. the same as the population mean. b. close to the value of the sample mean. c. between the population and sample means in value. d. representative of the entire population. ____ 19. The Central Limit Theorem states that as sample size becomes large a. the sampling distribution of sample means approaches normality. b. the sampling distribution of sample means becomes larger. c. the population distribution becomes normal. d. the sample distribution becomes normal. ____ 20. Your sample size is 1000. It is safe to assume that a. the shape of the sampling distribution of sample means is normal. b. the sample is representative of the population. c. the population distribution is normal. d. the sample distribution is normal. Problem 21. Explain and briefly distinguish between simple random sampling, systematic random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling. Which of these techniques is designed to guarantee representativeness? How? 22. Define and distinguish between the sample distribution, the sampling distribution, and the population distribution. How are these three distributions related to each other in inferential statistics? What symbols a a a a

are used to identify the means and standard deviations of each of the three distributions? 2) There are several methods for choosing samples from a population , including cluster sampling , stratified random sampling , simple van dom sampling , systematic random sampling Simple random is the process of choosing individuals at random ; systematic random sampling is the process of choosing individuals at predetermined intervals ; stratif ind random sampling is the process of choosing individuals from each homogeneous group in the population ; and cluster sampling is the process of randomly choos random sampling is intended to ensure representativeness by making sore that the sample going entere Clusters Of these methods , strating one in the population . 22 A sample distributo is The dasParsgorofadanticlogroup of data Points that in e d deviation(s) is represented bys , while the sample O from a woode one m he Population Standar kee . - f- roup o - distribution