HW 1 - FA21

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Arizona State University, Tempe *

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408

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Statistics

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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pdf

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HW 1 Assignment HW 1 Instructions: For all relevant questions (i.e., those requiring so), please write at least three complete sentences in your answer (you can of course write more). Answers less than three sentences, or not in complete sentences, will not be graded. When a question asks “Why,” explain your answer! Chapter One 1. How are descriptive and inferential statistics related to each other? What do inferential statistics involve that descriptive statistics do not? (2pts) 2. How does a sample relate to a population? (1pts) Chapter Two 3. Under what conditions would you use the median rather than the mean as a measure of central tendency? Why? Provide an example of two situations where the median might be more useful than the mean. (2pts) Descriptive statistics has to do with the describing of characteristics of a dataset- or sample. Inferential statistics has to do with making inferences of a large collection of data from a smaller collection of data. Descriptive and inferential statistics relate to each other because inferential statistics are used to make inferences based on the characteristics of a sample set. The only difference between the two is that with inferential data we are able to make certain statements about those characteristics and how they can be applied to new situations whereas descriptive just involves the organizing of information that was collected. A population is all occurrences with the specific characteristics being studied. These “populations” can be made up of 3 billion people. It’s quite impossible for scientists to be able to acquire data from 3 billion people so they take samples. A sample is a portion/subset taken from a population that helps scientists make inferences about a population.

HW 1 Assignment 4. For the following dataset, calculate the mean, median, and mode by hand (no need to attach work with assignment). Enter your answers in the provided boxes. (2pts) 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5, 1, 3, 4 5. A larger variance or standard deviation indicates what about a set of scores and their relationship to their mean? (1pt) 6. Calculate the range, standard deviation, and variance for the dataset found in question two above. Use the table provided below (round to two decimals; .389 => .39). (2pts) The conditions that would have me decide to use the median as the measure of central tendency is whether or not the data set had outliers (extreme scores). If the dataset has outliers, I would use the median because it is not sensitive to outliers. When calculating the mean for a dataset that contains outliers, the mean can be pulled more in one direction making it less representative of the data set. Example 1) the discussing of a persons salary within a company. Example 2) calculating the middle sum of medical services that people go through within year so that insurance companies can know the amount of protection to give to people. Mean: 3.3 Median: 3.5 Mode: 5 Having a larger standard deviation means that that there is more distance or variance from the mean. What this would look would be a dataset being quite spread out, whereas having a small standard deviation, the data would look clustered around the mean. X M X - M (X – M) 2 1 1 2 3 3 4