Copy of 2024_Winter_PH 7B HW3.docx

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Feb 20, 2024

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PH 7B Public Health Statistics II Homework 3 Question 1 (5pts). The slope of a regression line (y on x) is -0.24, we know that SDy=3.2 and SDx=4.0, then the correlation coefficient between the two variables is: A. 0.3 B. -0.3 C. 0.8 D. -0.8 Explain: = −0.24×4.0 3.2 = −0.96 3.2 = − 0. 3 Question 2 (5 pts) . A study has showed that the regression equation for predicting height from weight is: Predicted Height = (0.05 inches per pound) * (weight) + 65 inches If someone puts on 10 pounds, he will get taller by 0.05 * 10 = 0.5 inches. True or False: Explain: This is false because the association does not indicate causation, other factors, and limitations may affect the actual outcome. Question 3 (15 pts) . The following information was collected in a statistics class in Public Health. Average midterm score = 70, SD = 10 Average final score = 55, SD = 20 r= 0.50 SHOW YOUR WORK TO GET FULL CREDITS. 1) Final the regression equation for predicting the final score from the midterm score. a=Yˉ−b×Xˉ a=55−1.00×70a=55−1.00×70 a=−15a=−15 Y=−15+1X 2) How would you interpret the slope in this question? b =0.5×(20/10)=1
PH 7B Public Health Statistics II Homework 3 Slope = 1 this indicates that for every one-unit increase in the midterm score, the predicted final score is expected to increase by 1 unit. 3) For a student who got 75 in midterm, what is his predicted final score? (show two ways for the solution) Y=−15+1X Y=−15+1×75 1. Y=−15+75=60 2. 55+0.50x(20/10)x(75−70)=60 For a student who got 75 in the midterm, the predicted final score is 60. Question 4: (25 pts). An investigator has collected information from a sample of 5 diabetes patients regarding their daily exercise time and body mass index (BMI). (For practice purpose, use n=5 for all related calculations) Daily exercise time (in minutes) Body mass index (kg/m2) 30 24.5 42 25.6 15 30.6 50 26.9 64 25.2 1) Applying the least squares method to calculate the regression equation to predict BMI (kg/m2) based on daily exercise time (minutes). Show your work to get full credits (keep two decimal places). y=-0.08+29.78 2) Interpret the intercept and the slope. Slope:-0.08 Intercept: 29.78
PH 7B Public Health Statistics II Homework 3 3) Calculate the r.m.s error. What does the r.m.s error tell you? The r.m.s. error is 1.71. this tells me that a typical point on a graph will be above/below the regression. 4) A new patient with similar characteristics compared to the study sample has reported no exercise everyday, what is her predicted BMI based on the above equation? Her predicted BMI based on the question above is 29.78 𝑘𝑔/𝑚 2 5) Another new patient (with similar characteristics as the study sample) has reported a daily exercise time around 300 minutes, will you be able to predict her BMI? Explain why or why not. Her BMI can be calculated, however, it can not be used to predict her BMI. The calculation is -0.08(300)+29.78=5.78. Based on this, making a prediction would be would be difficult due to the inaccuracy.
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