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1 Educator Burnout in Early Childhood Teachers by Rachel Bassingthwaite American College of Education February 5, 2024
2 Data Analysis The problem is that educators are burning out. Since the study examines how burnout impacts educators rather than the actual numbers of what happens in terms of teacher retention, sick days, student scores, etc., qualitative research methodology makes the most sense for this area of research. Using questionnaires, survey research analyzes trends, attitudes, and opinions in action research (American College of Education, 2017). The survey method is an effective way to gather data from a large group of people, and it is often used to gather statistical information about a population (American College of Education, 2017). Survey research is also helpful for understanding a population's needs and assessing the effectiveness of interventions (American College of Education, 2017). A study of this type appears ethical and effective at solving the problem (American College of Education, 2017). It shouldn't lead to burnout in the participants (American College of Education, 2017). In this study, it would be possible to check and see if certain research-based ideas are working or not for a specific population. Survey research analyzes trends, attitudes, and opinions (American College of Education, 2017) in action research. Survey research is an effective way to collect data from large groups of people. It is also helpful in assessing the effectiveness of interventions (American College of Education, 2017) and understanding the needs of a population. In this case, this type of research seems most ethical and effective. Ideally, I would begin with informal ethnographic interviews to see if certain research-based ideas are working or not. The research should not cause more burnout. The purpose of these casual conversations is to learn about practices related to burnout and to gauge what's not working and what's working (American College of Education, 2017). A quantitative survey based on research-based ideas to improve educator burnout would follow up on these conversations to get some more straightforward answers.
3 Implementation Action Plan The researcher would start the weekly Google Forms to collect teachers' perceptions on their burnout these forms would have weekly reminders and the teachers will be given time to complete them at the end of their contract week. Continuing these forms at the end of each school week the researcher would also do ethnographic interviews at the end of each trimester. The ethnographic interviews will take place during contracted meeting times. After a year of collecting this data, it would continue into the next school year in much the same way. Along with continuing to collect data, the teachers would also start professional development on how to be more resilient. These trainings would take place at four-week intervals during contracted meeting times and be accompanied by support groups, journal prompts, as well as support such as readings, videos, and podcasts that teachers in the study will have access to at their leisure. Communication Plans To start the researcher would have to go to the school board for permission to collect data from teachers willing to participate. After receiving permission the school board would have to grant the researcher time within the teacher's contracted day to not lead to more burnout because of increased workload. The permission would also have to go through the elementary school leader and the union. After the two-year study is completed the research would bring the data collected and ask the school board to add it to their agenda. If it was then added to the agenda, it would be presented to the board through graphics made from the data collected. After presenting, the room would then be opened up the room for questions and clarifications. It would be done in this way so that the members of the board would have time to look things over beforehand to prepare. The
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4 school leaders would be at the board meeting which would lead to continued conversations about what to do about the results. Reliability, Validity, and Ethics To make sure this research study is ethical before conducting it permission would come from the school board so that participating teachers do not have an increased workload. All survey time will be given to teachers during the contract time and not outside of it. Professional development training and interviews will be done and conducted during contracted meeting times to again not add to the participating teacher's workload. The teachers who choose to participate will remain anonymous and will have filled out a consent form. The teachers will be free to stop the research participation at any time if they so choose. If data is showing more burnout in the second year with the supports added the research will cease immediately. All participants will be treated with respect and the hope is to improve their working conditions. To ensure my data is both reliable and valid I am going to triangulate through multiple sources . I will find as many resources that confirm that data as possible and make sure those resources are credible because they are peer-reviewed research articles. I have already made sure that the data I am collecting matches my research question and can answer it. To make sure the results are reliable the data collection will be consistent. Any missed data point will result in either all those points of data from that participant being removed or asterisks will be put into the research data so that results are not skewed. Reflection Thinking about action research and finding a topic I am personally affected by and getting to learn more about it has been incredibly rewarding. Action research is something I had not previously heard of but I have done it in informal ways many times. Having a more formal
5 way to do so now is a powerful tool to add to my tool belt and something I hope to take advantage of in my career to help better working conditions for educators. Action research has a lot of steps in it with many interactive moving parts that are all very important to have reliability, validity, and ethics. Missing any of the steps or lacking in research would do a disservice to the research that is being conducted and would skew results making them inaccurate and useless. Doing action research and having it out in the world in any form is a powerful tool and should be done with care. Action research can add so much to the field of education, using it to help educators is a privilege.
6 References American College of Education, (2017). RES5153 Research Methods: Modules 1-3 [All Part]. Canvas. https://ace.instructure.com/courses/1970253/external_tools/118428 Carroll, A., Flynn, L., O’Connor, E. S., Forrest, K., Bower, J., Fynes-Clinton, S., York, A., & Ziaei, M. (2021). In their words: listening to teachers’ perceptions about stress in the workplace and how to address it. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 49(4), 420–434. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2020.1789914 Clarà, M., Vallés, A., Coiduras, J., Silva, P., Justiniano, B., López, T., Padula, B., Pablo Barril, J., Cavalcante, S., Chávez, J., Donoso, D., Marchán, P., Silvestre Ramos, F., & Patricia Uribe, C. (2022). Unpacking the Role of Work Demands in Teacher Burnout: Cognitive Effort as a Protective Factor. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 20(57), 245–266. https://doi.org/10.25115/ejrep.v20i57.4374 Hashem, R., Ali, N., El Zein, F., Fidalgo, P., & Khurma, O. A. (2024). AI to the rescue: Exploring the potential of ChatGPT as a teacher ally for workload relief and burnout prevention. Research & Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning , 19 , 1–26. https://doi.org/10.58459/rptel.2024.19023 Madigan, D. J., & Kim, L. E. (2021). Does teacher burnout affect students? A systematic review of its association with academic achievement and student-reported outcomes. International Journal of Educational Research , 105 (101714). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101714
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7 Marken, S., & Agrawal, S. (2022, June 13). K-12 Workers Have Highest Burnout Rate in U.S. Gallup.com. https://news.gallup.com/poll/393500/workers-highest-burnout-rate.aspx Nguyen, T. D., & Kremer, K. P. (2022). Burned Out and Dissatisfied?: The Relationships between Teacher Dissatisfaction and Burnout and Their Attrition Behavior. Elementary School Journal, 123(2), 203–227. https://doi.org/10.1086/721772 Polat, H., Karakose, T., Ozdemir, T. Y., Tülübaş, T., Yirci, R., & Demirkol, M. (2023). An Examination of the Relationships between Psychological Resilience, Organizational Ostracism, and Burnout in K–12 Teachers through Structural Equation Modelling. Behavioral Sciences (2076-328X), 13(2), 164. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13020164 Shakeel, S., Khan, M. M., Khan, R. A. A., & Mujtaba, B. G. (2022). Linking Personality Traits, Self-Efficacy and Burnout of Teachers in Public Schools: Does School Climate Play a Moderating Role? Public Organization Review, 22(1), 19–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00514-8 Turner, K., & Garvis, S. (2023). Teacher Educator Wellbeing, Stress and Burnout: A Scoping Review. Education Sciences, 13(4), 351. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13040351 Walker, T. (2021, November 12). Getting serious about teacher burnout | NEA . Www.nea.org. https://www.nea.org/nea-today/all-news-articles/getting-serious-about-teacher-burnout
8 Appendix A Problem: The problem is that educators are burning out, impacting teacher performance and student learning. Research Question: How will schools be able to implement mental and physical health to improve burnout rates? Target Solution/Intervention Strategy: Leadership needs to provide greater support and resilience development in daily work practices to reduce burnout among teachers lacking self-efficacy and resilience (Carroll et al., 2021). Goal: The goal is to improve teachers' feelings of support through more hands-on action from school leaders as well as increasing resilience training for teachers decreasing teachers' feelings of burnout. Target Population: The population is an early childhood through second-grade elementary building. The study will focus on the general education classroom teachers only. There are 41 of these teachers in the building all at approximately 20 students. The population is predominantly female with varying ages and backgrounds. Sample Population: To be completed post-implication. Action Steps Person(s) Responsible Timeline Resources Evaluation: Data Outcomes: Early childhood teachers who are participating in the study will be asked to report on their feelings of burnout. Participating early childhood teachers will participate in the reporting. ; the researcher The teachers will fill out their feelings on a ranking scale via Google Forms at the end of each school week for one whole school year. Teachers will be given a reminder and time at the end of their contract day to fill out this form. Collect the data received and put it into graphs to see the trends on how often teachers are feeling burnt out. I anticipate that teachers will feel less burnt out and report as so on weekly check-ins. Their feelings of having more energy and productivity will lead to teachers taking less sick time and reporting more satisfaction with their jobs. Early childhood teachers who are participating in Participating early childhood After the initial year of Support groups, journaling, and Collecting feedback from
9 the study will be provided professional development on resilience training throughout the school year. teachers will participate in the professional development. ; the researcher's collecting data, professional development will be provided during contracted meeting times throughout the school year at regular intervals of every 4 weeks. Resources such as books, podcasts, and videos will be shared for teachers to look at at their leisure. teachers through Google Forms to determine if they are feeling supported, and more resilient, and how else they would like to be supported through what they have learned. Early childhood teachers who are participating in the study will be asked to report on their feelings of burnout. Participating early childhood teachers will participate in the reporting. ; the researcher The teachers will fill out their feelings on a ranking scale via Google Forms at the end of each school week for one whole school year. Teachers will be given a reminder and time at the end of their contract day to fill out this form. Collect the data received and put it into graphs to see the trends on how often teachers are feeling burnt out and compare it to prior results from before training and support were given. Baseline data will need to be collected, including the ethnographic interviews. An initial ethnographic interview will be conducted during the first year of data collection at the end of each trimester. And then again at the same intervals the following year. Participating teachers will be interviewed throughout The researcher will collect data from the participating classroom teachers. The researcher will conduct the interviews with the classroom teachers. Baseline data will be collected before teachers begin professional development on resilience. Interviews will be conducted at the end of each Notetaking device to record interview questions and answers. The collected data will be put into a visual format using Google tools. The researcher will take detailed notes throughout the interviews to later analyze.
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10 the process of collecting qualitative data. trimester for the two years. Reflection: The goal of this research is to lessen burnout in educators by making them more resilient and giving them more support. If the research is correct and shows that adding these supports makes teachers feel less burnout teachers should take fewer sick days, feel more productive, stay in their career more, and many other benefits. I predict that teachers will feel less burnout after a year of resilience training and extra supports.