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1 Policy Paper Allison Steve Master of Social Work, Walden University SOCW 6111: Advanced Social Work Practice I Dr. Kristie Abbs December 7, 2023

2 Define self-disclosure and explain the potential ramifications of deciding to self-disclose with a client. Social workers may encounter the opportunity to disclose to clients that they have experienced, in their own personal lives, psychological problems or issues like those of their clients (Moody et al., 2021). According to Moody et al. (2021), research shows that self- disclosing to a client has a more positive effect on the therapeutic alliance, such as comfort in therapy sessions, feeling understood, and willingness to disclose. However, there are times it can be ineffective or even harmful (Moody et al., 2021). The self-disclosing social worker can appear unprofessional or incompetent, which can lead to the client feeling misunderstood or overwhelmed (Moody et al., 2021). An empirical study researched the time when the therapist’s issues occurred. The results suggested that the disclosure of the therapist who experienced the same issue as the client in the distant past was favored (Moody et al., 2021). A client’s parent once told this writer that the best therapists are the ones who have been through things themselves. This writer self-disclosed to a client who was 14 years old, had multiple mental health issues, and was noncompliant with medication. He stated that he feels different than the other kids and that taking medication is annoying. This writer discussed that at 13 years old, she was diagnosed with Epilepsy and has taken medication since then. This writer stated they, too, felt out of place and could relate. This writer only self-disclosed this information for two reasons: a strong therapeutic alliance was already established with the client and his family, and enough time had passed for this writer to cope with the issue that it would not affect her providing this teen with therapy sessions. This writer feels self-disclosure is very important when providing therapeutic services because it humanizes them to her clients. This writer will not self-disclose specific topics such as mental health diagnoses and domestic

3 violence due to feeling it may hinder the therapeutic relationship by having the client worry about this writer instead of working on their own issues. Describe the importance of cultural competence in client interactions. The NASW (2021) states, “ Social workers should demonstrate knowledge that guides practice with clients of various cultures and be able to demonstrate skills in the provision of culturally informed services that empower marginalized individuals and groups. Social workers must take action against oppression, racism, discrimination, and inequities, and acknowledge personal privilege.” (NASW, 2021). One cannot learn cultural competency at school or through training, but it requires a fundamental change in how one thinks about, understands, and interacts with the world around them ( McNaughton,2002) . That being said, a social worker will never fully understand a client’s culture but should research norms, values, and beliefs to be aware if the client practices them. It is best to have an open conversation with a client to avoid miscommunication. This writer worked with a child who was biracial, Jewish and Asian. Part of this writer’s job is to gather a timeline of the parents and identified client. After listening to the mother discuss that growing up as a child they are to be seen and not heard and to not talk to their elders unless spoken to. The mother went to further state to this day even though she is an adult she does not speak to her elders unless spoken too. This gave this writer more insight as to why she had certain expectations for her children and the father had a relaxed approach. This writer had a session with the mother after

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4 gaining this insight to learn about the mother’s culture and to avoid potential barriers. The father stated he did not practice Jewish traditions. It is important for social workers to understand we need to be aware of our biases to provide the best services for clients.

5 References Code of ethics of the National Association of Social Workers . NASW, National Association of Social Workers. (2021). https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/Code-of-Ethics-English McNaughton Dunn, A. (2002, July 30). Culture competence and the Primary Care Provider . Journal of Pediatric Health Care. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891524502388515 Moody, K. J., Pomerantz, A. M., Ro, E., & Segrist, D. J. (2021). “Me too, a long time ago”: Therapist self-disclosure of past or present psychological problems similar to those of the client. Practice Innovations , 6 (3), 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1037/pri0000151

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