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Georgia State University *

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2003

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Sociology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Q1: What social and economic conditions prompted protest songs during the late 19th century (1865 to 1900)? Protest songs of the late 19th century were inspired by harsh social and economic realities. Industrialization brought poor working conditions and low wages, leading to labor disputes. Racial injustice, political corruption, and the influence of big businesses on the government further fueled the need for these songs. Q2: What were the predominant songwriting techniques used by protest songwriters at that time? Protest songwriters employed simple melodies, repetition, metaphor, and call-and-response to make their messages memorable and engaging. Q3: What 3 kinds of songs from the mainstream were re-written by the growing American labor movement? The American labor movement adapted mainstream songs like "Solidarity Forever" (from "John Brown's Body"), "Which Side Are You On?" (folk tune adaptation), and "Union Maid" (using the melody of "Redwing"). Q4: How would you characterize the groups of people who were writing protest songs? What do you know about their human experience, based on the songs we studied? Protest songwriters were a diverse group, including workers, activists, and artists. Many had firsthand experience with poverty, exploitation, or discrimination, which informed their songs. Their lyrics often conveyed both the struggles they faced and their hope for a better, more just future, aiming to unite people in the fight for social justice and workers' rights. Module 2 Certainly, here are shorter answers: Q1: Why did union songwriters revise so many Christian songs? Union songwriters adapted Christian hymns because they were familiar, helping convey labor messages effectively through well-known melodies. Q2: What do labor songs tell us about the life conditions of the workers in the early 20th century? Can you provide an example? Labor songs like "Bread and Roses" shed light on the tough lives of early 20th-century workers, emphasizing their struggle for both basic needs and improved living conditions. "Bread and Roses" symbolizes the demand for necessities (bread) and a better quality of life (roses).

Q3: How do labor songs contest or criticize mainstream values? Labor songs contest mainstream values by challenging the status quo, criticizing exploitative systems, and urging listeners to choose between supporting workers' rights or siding with oppressive forces, as seen in "Which Side Are You On?" Module 3 Q1: What was the first recorded anti-war song? The first recorded anti-war song is often considered to be "I Didn't Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier," written by Alfred Bryan and Al Piantadosi in 1915. Q2: Why did songwriters oppose the Great War? Songwriters opposed the Great War (World War I) due to the devastating human toll, loss of life, and the horrors of modern warfare, which they depicted in their songs. Many viewed the war as senseless and driven by political and economic interests. Q3: What do songs criticizing the war tell us about changes to the larger culture? Songs criticizing the war reflected a shift in cultural values towards questioning authority and challenging traditional notions of patriotism. They signaled a growing awareness of the human cost of war and a desire for peace and justice. Q4: Why did authority figures (and later governments) object to jazz? Authority figures objected to jazz due to its association with African American culture, its use of improvisation and syncopation, which were seen as unconventional, and concerns about its impact on social and moral values. Q5: Why did audiences find modernist music disturbing? Can you explain this with reference to an example? Audiences found modernist music disturbing because it often pushed the boundaries of traditional tonality and structure, challenging familiar musical norms. For example, Igor Stravinsky's "The Rite of Spring" shocked audiences with its dissonance and unconventional rhythms, which were a departure from the melodic and harmonic conventions of classical music. This departure from the norm unsettled many listeners, leading to both outrage and fascination. Q1: What events prompted protest music of the 1930s?

The protest music of the 1930s was prompted by the hardships and economic struggles of the Great Depression. It was a response to widespread unemployment, poverty, and social inequality, as well as the desire for political change during a time of economic crisis. Q2: How do the protest songs of the Great Depression resemble the protest music of the teens and 1920s? Protest songs of the Great Depression, like those of the teens and 1920s, often addressed social and economic issues, including labor struggles and inequality. They used folk and traditional melodies to convey their messages and engage a broad audience. Q3: How do the protest songs of the Great Depression differ from the protest music of earlier years? While protest songs of the Great Depression shared some similarities with earlier protest music, they were more explicitly focused on the economic hardships and inequality brought about by the Great Depression. They also frequently included themes of hope and solidarity, reflecting the unique challenges of their time.

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