CRIMINOLOGY FINAL QUESTIONS

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School

Vernon College *

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Course

MISC

Subject

Sociology

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by Petitk729

Question 1 1 / 1 pts Per Table 12.1, von Hetig's dull normals victim type means ____. persons with low intelligence persons suffering from psychological problems greedy persons seeking quick gains widows, widowers, and other persons in mourning Question 2 1 / 1 pts In Mendelsohn's victim typology, the victim who provoked the harm-causing act would fall along the continuum at ____ (per Figure 12.2). victim more guilty than offender most guilty victim victim minor guilt victim as guilty as offender Question 3 1 / 1 pts Table 12.2 provides the numbers of violent and property crimes for 2020 as reported by the NIBRS. What percentage of the total number of crimes do violent crimes represent? about 26% about 15%

Question 4 2 / 2 pts Compare the total number of crimes reported by NIBRS to that reported by NCVS (Table 12.3). Which of the two sources has the higher number of property crimes? the source from representative survey data the source from participating police agencies Question 5 1 / 1 pts Based on data in Figure 12.4, for which type of crime are men mostly likely to become victims? homicide aggravated assault robbery rape/sexaul assault Question 6 1 / 1 pts Per Table 12.4, a person whose marital status is ____ is most likely to be victimized. separated married never married divorced

Question 7 2 / 2 pts Do the photos provided in Engaged Criminology 12.1 accurately represent those mostly likely to become victims of crime (see Table 12.4)? no yes Question 8 1 / 1 pts According to Figure 12.5, the victim-offender relationship for robbery is most often that of ____. stranger intimate casual acquaintance other relative Incorrect Question 9 0 / 1 pts Per Table 13.2, the victim having a physical disability is considered a ____ for the offender. aggravating factor mitigating factor culpability vulnaribility

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Question 10 1 / 1 pts According to Figure 13.1, was there a year when murder rates were higher in 'no death penalty' states than in 'death penalty' states? no yes Question 11 1 / 1 pts Which approach in Table 13.3 is meant to reduce harm to the offender, victim, and community? restoration rehabilitation general deterrence retribution Question 12 3 / 3 pts Take a look at the graph in Engaged Criminology 14.2, then choose which option best depicts what a routine activities theorist would predict regarding the effect of a pandemic lockdown on robbery . option B option A option C

Question 13 3 / 3 pts [The answer to this question is not in a table or figure.] According to routine activity theory, which of the three elements necessary for crime is a constant (i.e., not variable or changing)? motivated offender suitable targets or victims absence of capable guardianship Question 14 3 / 3 pts [The answer to this question is not in a table or figure.] ____ reduces crime by separating the act from the actor. reintegrative shamine retribution deterrence restorative justice Question 15 3 / 3 pts [The answer to this question is not in a table or figure.] The ____ theory holds that neighborhood disorder sends a message that no one will intervene if the law is broken. broken windows routine activity theory social disorder

situational crime prevention CHAPTER 14 QUIZ NOTES Question 1 0 / 2 pts Environmental criminologists explore the social distribution of crime. You Answered True Correct Answer False Question 2 2 / 2 pts Environmental criminologists are most concerned about which of the following? Correct! where criminal events occur how many criminal events occur the impact of criminal events why people commit crime Question 3 2 / 2 pts Businesses that rely on cash transactions are desirable targets for crime and are called ______. Correct! crime attractors

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capable guardians crime generators defensible space Question 4 0 / 2 pts Spatial analysis is an effective way to reveal the dark figure of crime. You Answered True Correct Answer False Question 5 2 / 2 pts ______ is a field that analyzes variation in crime and victimization of places. Correct! Environmental criminology Victimology Penology Forensic psychology Question 6 2 / 2 pts Related to social disorder, ______ refers to norm violations that show a lack of respect or concern for other members of the community. Correct!

incivilities displacement defensible space blight Question 7 2 / 2 pts Neighborhood disorder can be both physical and social. Correct! True False Question 8 2 / 2 pts Which of the following involves the removal or repair of physical disorder? Correct! blight abatement diffusion of benefits defending space displacement Question 9 2 / 2 pts Which theorists are responsible for the broken windows theory? Correct!

Kelling and Wilson Hirschi and Gottfredson Cohen and Felson Shaw and McKay Question 10 2 / 2 pts Which of the following is a sign of social disorder? Correct! public intoxication abandoned properties overturned shopping carts overflowing trash bins Question 11 2 / 2 pts Police routinely advise home and business owners to install good locks or an alarm to dissuade a potential burglar. Which component of routine activities theory does this illustrate? Correct! capable guardianship hot product motivated offender

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suitable target Question 12 2 / 2 pts Routine activities theory centers which aspect of crime? Correct! vulnerabilities motivation responsibility environment Question 13 2 / 2 pts A ______ is a person, place or thing that is desirable and readily available for victimization. Correct! suitable target motivated offender hot product capable guardian Question 14 2 / 2 pts Which theory claims that individuals increase their probability of victimization depending on their daily habits? Correct!

routine activities rational choice lifestyle perspective broken windows Question 15 2 / 2 pts Cohen and Felson attributed crime to which of the following? Correct! lifestyles activities environment motivation genetics Question 16 2 / 2 pts A diffusion of benefits is also called the “halo effect” because the positive effects of a crime reduction strategy radiate out. Correct! True False Question 17 2 / 2 pts Which response to crime would prevent future offending, according to a routine activities perspective?

Correct! designing spaces to reduce opportunities for crime implementing community based sanctions utilizing harsh benefits teaching coping skills Question 18 2 / 2 pts Which of the following illustrates natural surveillance? Correct! low landscaping security guards fences cameras Question 19 0 / 2 pts CPTED keeps undesirable or unwanted populations from public spaces through order-maintenance policing. You Answered True Correct Answer False Question 20

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2 / 2 pts What occurs when crime is relocated as a result of some crime-prevention initiative? Correct! displacement natural surveillance diffusion of benefits target hardening Question 21 3 / 3 pts From a broken windows perspective, why does neighborhood disorder lead to criminality? Correct! It sends the message that no one will intervene if the law is broken Broken windows provides opportunities for theft. It brings in deviant individuals from outside the community for repairs. It promotes law enforcement presence. Question 22 3 / 3 pts Which scenario illustrates target hardening rather than improving guardianship? Correct! the use of video cameras and metal detectors in government buildings placing individuals responsible for supervising or managing targets

hiring bouncers at a bar to keep trouble at a minimum having security staff in place to secure against intruders Question 23 3 / 3 pts Why have critics of broken windows policing suggested that these tactics create even worse problems in some neighborhoods? Correct! They have led to over-policing of marginalized communities. These practices have forced many individuals to move out of these communities. They have caused more crime to occur in these neighborhoods. These tactics are especially expensive to implement. Question 24 3 / 3 pts Order-maintenance policing takes what type of approach? Correct! zero-tolerance reactive procedural justice preventative Question 25

3 / 3 pts The three elements of routine activities theory are a motivated offender, suitable targets, and absence of a guardian. Correct! True False about 32% about 9%

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