sociology exam 2 1301

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Feb 20, 2024

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Name:____Sabal Vasan___________ Sociology 1301 added some notes on the last page and my scanner was broken so here is my test  Introduction to Sociology Second-Take-Home Exam Fall Semester 2023 Prof Mike Buhl, Phd. This is a 100-point, open-book test. The following Id section is worth 100 points total. Provide only one answer for every question taken from the pool below. Include both the ID number and the terms/ phrase/ or statistic. DO NOT POST ANY MATERIAL THAT DOES NOT COME FROM THE POOL BELOW . There are 50 Questions total. Attach any Extra Credit work at the end (max 5 points) I. Correctly select the proper term/concept/theorist (100 points total – 2 points for each answer) 1. Blue-collar occupation 2. White-collar occupation 3.Durkheim 4. Working Poor 5. Universal Basic Income 6. Affirmative Action 7. Racism 8. Ethnicity 9. Scientific Racism 1

10. Aids the upward mobility of other groups 11.Conservatives 12.Upper class 13.Means-tested 14. Eugenics 15. Middle class 16. Blaming the Victims 17. Functionalism 18. Conformist 19. 1,225 20 Bangladesh 21. Whites 22. Innovator 23. Asian-Americans 24.Meritocracy 25. Philippines 26. Do dirty work 27. Buy goods others do not and thus prolong the economic usefulness of such goods 28. South 29. Democratic Socialists 30. Hate crimes 31.Blaming the Victims 32. Italy 33. Painting Swastikas 34. $14,580 35. $30,000 36. $55,700 37. Retreatist 38. Absolute Poverty 39. Veblen 40. Davis and Moore 41. Culture of Poverty 42. Social Darwinism 43. Rebels 44. Racial Threat theory 45. Ritualist 46.John F. Kennedy 47. Nativists 48.Intersectionality 49.The Young/Children 50. 1,883:1 51. 2,251:1 52. Northeast 53.Turkey 54.Tunisia 55.Black face/Brown face 56. 1092:1 57. Myanmar 58. Welfare Queen 59. 1,224:1 60.Clinton 61.Minorities 62. English Only 63. Libertarians 64. Dejure Discrimination 65. Emory Bogardus 66. Defacto Discrimination 67. Authoritarian 68. Hunger 69. Elderly 2

Personality Theory 70. Midwest 71. L.B.J. 72. Kenneth/Mamie Clark 73. France 74. Civil War Pensions 75. Redlining 76. Lynching 77. Unprejudiced non- discriminator 78.Colorblindness 79. Southwest 80. Robert K. Merton 81. White-Self segregating neighborhoods 82. Scapegoat theory 83. Carter 84. Lincoln 85. Unprejudiced discriminator 86. Prejudiced non- discriminator 87. Prejudiced discriminator Fill in the 50 questions below by indicating which term/concept/theorists would make the best fit with the statement or sentence. Put a number from the list above in the blank. Some terms/ concepts might fit with multiple statements. DO NOT POST ANY MATERIAL THAT DOES NOT COME FROM THE POOL ABOVE! DO NOT GIVE MULTIPLE ANSWERS WITHIN A SINGLE QUESTION. LIMIT IT TO ONE! You do not have to use up all the terms listed above. Submit a short list with numbers and correct terms and upload them in the Exam 1 folder on canvas. 1.__86.__ For Mertons theory of prejudice/discrimination, this is someone that is racist/bigot against minorities but not willing to discriminate. For example, a boss with prejudiced beliefs may still hire an minority because he or she is scared of possible public opinion reactions or counter reactions that may damage the company for not promoting a diverse workplace image. 2.__14.__ was a pseudoscience practiced in the United States and Europe during the 1920s and 1930s which claimed that negative traits such as criminality and poverty were passed through specific ethnic bloodlines among people of a certain race and could only be bred out or totally eliminated from society through physical segregation and “racial purification.” 3

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3.__67.__ is a theory that holds that certain personality traits may also help to explain prejudice and bias-formation among individuals. 4.__75.__the following term can be applied the U.S. Supreme court decision Ozawa (1922) vs. the United States that denied U.S. citizenship based on someone’s non-white race - but also can be applied to racist legal policies in the country of South Africa during the Apartheid era. 5__10.__ Generally, supporters of this theory view it necessary to reward high skilled jobs with more money and the less skilled or less beneficial jobs with far less amount of money, regardless of potential side effects (income gaps). 6. ___85.___ For Mertons theory of prejudice/discrimination, this is someone that is not racist/bigot against minorities. For example, a white liberal leaning woman may not feel prejudice against Muslim men, but she is scared her family and refuses to date Muslim men who ask her out. 7.___7.___ broadly defined, you are practicing this if you or others believe that one race is naturally superior to another race or you believe that one race is inferior to another race. 8.$___34.___ is the 2023 ( Federal) Poverty annual income requirement for a family with 1 household members (by federal standards, defined by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services for the 48 states excluding both Alaska and Hawaii). 9.____4.____Matt works around 23 or more hours a week at Wal-Mart mostly pushing carts earning him around $23,600 a year (at the most). Because of his low income, Matt can be characterized as ______. 10.$_____35.___ is the 2023 ( Federal) Poverty annual income requirement for a family with 4 household members (by federal standards, defined by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services for the 48 states excluding both Alaska and Hawaii). 4

11.__40.____ are examples of occupations like Registered Nurses, Postal Service Clerks, Truck Drivers, Fast Food service workers etc. 12.___24.___ is a (hypothetical) social system in which individuals get ahead and earn rewards based on their individual efforts and abilities. This is sometimes also called the “bootstrap ideology.” 13.___60.___ was the U.S. President who officially signed the Welfare Reform Act of 1996 (Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act) into law. 14.___1.___ believe that government should re-distribute income & wealth and promote a robust welfare state. 15.___63.___ are generally opposed to government intervention into the economy. 16.___5.___ is a proposed unconditional income for citizens which would cover their basic needs regardless of any work requirement. 17.___23.___ is the racial/ethnic group with the (largest) total number of people (not %) who live below the poverty line in the United States (2022). 18.___27.___the following can likely be applied to Joe who did not successfully complete high school but received his G.E.D. instead. He also currently delivers pizza with his 23-year old used car with over 200k miles listed for the local Dominos and can’t afford his own apartment but lives with two other former high school buddies in a trailer-park. 19.___6.___are policies aimed to improve the social standings of ethnic and sexual minorities victimized from previous historical discriminations (ex: Race as a factor for admissions at colleges and Universities). 20.___28.___ is one of the geographic regions of the U.S. where poverty is known to be more widespread. 21.___58.___a negative pejorative popularized in the 1980s that highly stigmatized welfare recipients. 5

22.__77.____ For Mertons theory of prejudice/discrimination, this is someone that is not prejudiced towards others, nor does he or she discriminate. For example, two people may be best friends at work and at school, although they are of a different racial/ethnic background they remain close. 23.___51.___ was the ratio of CEO Compensation to Average Worker Pay for McDonalds Workers, according to AFL-CIO Company Pay Ratios. https://aflcio.org/paywatch/company-pay-ratios 24.___65.___ is the name of the Sociologist who in the 1920s developed a scale to measure bias among U.S. college students. 25.__41.____this theory more or less suggests that people who are born into poverty ultimately will raise children who also live in poverty tend to re-learn dysfunctional norms and values which are assumed to perpetuate poverty within subcultures. 27.__42.____is a sociobiological explanation of inequality which tends to use the Darwinian “survival of the fittest” argument that the rich are destined to dominate the poor. 28.___13.___ is a social program that has eligibility requirements based on income and/or assets. 29.___38.___ is considered the most extreme type of poverty. 30.__11.____ this theory more or less suggests that people who are born into poverty ultimately raise children who also live in poverty which is often considered deviant from the mainstream norms. Hence, they often re-learn the same dysfunctional norms and values associated with that particular way of live thereby re-reinforcing poverty. 31.__26.____ is one of the functions of poverty which Gans (1971) identified in his essay. 32.___59.___ is the age-group most impacted by poverty in the U.S. in 2022. 6

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33.__8.____ this term is sometimes used to refer to cultural heritage or some shared national identity etc (Latino/Latina, Irish, German, Polish etc) 34.__71.____ the U.S. President who declared the “War on Poverty.” 35.__29.____ is a third wave feminist theory in sociology which examines the intersection of inequalities found in areas like class, race, gender, etc. 36.__39.____ wrote the book “The Theory of the Leisure Class.” 37.___20.,53.,54.,57.___ according to the ITUC Global Rights Index(2023), is considered one of the ten worst countries for workers. 38.____50.__ was the ratio of CEO Compensation to Average Worker Pay for Coca-Cola Workers, according to AFL-CIO Company Pay Ratios. https://aflcio.org/paywatch/company-pay-ratios 39.___same answers as 37.___ according to the ITUC Global Rights Index(2023), is considered one of the ten worst countries for workers. 40.___2.___ are examples of occupations such as Financial and Insurance jobs, Chief Executive Officers, Lawyers, Human Resource Managers etc. 41.___19.___ According to the SPLC, in 2022, it tracked (this number) of Hate and AntiGovernment Groups Across the entire U.S. (Southern Poverty Law Center) 42.__12.____ According to AFL-CIO Highest Paid C.E.O list, Stephen Scharzman (Blackstone, Inc.) earned more than $253 million in compensation for the year 2022. This amount of annual compensation would immediately place him as a member of the ______ class. This is 1,068 times more than the average median employee’s pay. Highest-Paid CEOs | AFL-CIO (aflcio.org) 43.__72.____ received credit for creating a famous doll experiment that illustrated how racism negatively impacted young African-American children. 44.____49.__ is a social program that does not require any sort of test or eligibility requirements in order to receive it. 7

45.___48.___ were considered America’s First ‘Social Security’ Programs. 46.___61.___ are often defined as opposite to members of the current dominant group. This may include people of a certain race/ethnicity, nationality, gender, political affiliation, religion, sexual orientation, social class, marginal status etc. 47.___87.___ For Mertons theory of prejudice/discrimination, this is someone that is an old school racist/bigot. For example, an older white landlord who is personally prejudiced against Hispanics tenants and will deny applications from Hispanic apartment seekers over other applicants. 48.__81.,62.____ can be considered an example of covert racism. 49.____30.,33.__ can be considered an example of overt racism. 50.___55.___can be considered an example of both overt and covert racism Robert Merton’s Model for Prejudice And Discrimination (Strain Theory) Has Prejudice Attitude Engages in Discriminatory Behavior Unprejudiced non- discriminator - (no) - (no) Unprejudiced discriminator - (no) + (yes) Prejudiced non- discriminator + (yes) - (no) Prejudiced discriminator + (yes) + (yes) 8

Blue-Collar : Individuals who engage in hard manual labor Scape Goat Theory: blame someone else for their own problem Colorblindness: see color differently Intersectionality: concept started by Kimber’le Crenshaw (Social Categorizations) Learning more about prejudice, racism, and discrimination has heightened my awareness of the issues at hand. These matters require open discussion and proactive addressing. If left unaddressed, we risk regressing to a point where the uninformed, with idle time on their hands, may rally for dangerous hate groups while our politicians remain inactive. Having engaged in numerous conversations about this issue, witnessing its extensive reach concerns me. Moreover, realizing its complexity has underscored the importance of incorporating Critical Race Theory (CRT) into school curricula. 9

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sociology exam 2 1301

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